1. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinto: Kusukela ku-PVC kuya ku-LSZH Cable Materials
Ezindaweni ezinkulu zomphakathi njengezitolo ezinkulu, izinhlelo ze-metro, izikhumulo zezindiza kanye nezibhedlela, izintambo azigcini nje ngokuba nomthwalo wokudlulisela ugesi kodwa futhi zisebenza njengomgogodla obalulekile wokuphepha uma kwenzeka umlilo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zekhebula ze-PVC zendabuko, izinto ze-Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) zimelela ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinto. Izinto ze-LSZH azinawo ama-halogen (noma zihambisana nemikhawulo yokuqukethwe kwe-halogen echazwe ezindinganisweni ezifana ne-IEC 60754). Ngesikhathi sokusha, azikhiphi amagesi agqwalisayo futhi zinciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwentuthu. Ngokombono wezinto ezibonakalayo, lokhu kubhekana ngempumelelo nezingozi zokuphepha ezihambisana nezinto zekhebula ezivamile eziqukethe i-halogen ezimweni zomlilo.
Lokhu kushintsha kusuka ezintweni zendabuko eziqukethe i-halogen kuya ezintweni zekhebula ze-LSZH kwenze izintambo ze-LSZH zaba yisiqondiso esibalulekile sentuthuko yezintambo zesimanje ezivimbela umlilo kanye nezinhlelo zekhebula ezingashisi.
2. Izinzuzo Zokusebenza Okuyinhloko: Ukumelana Nomlilo, Intuthu Ephansi, kanye Nendlela Yokusebenza Engenayo I-Halogen
Ngokombono wezinto zekhebula, izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezintambo ze-LSZH ezivimbela ilangabi zisezicini ezintathu: ukuvimbela ilangabi, ukukhishwa kwentuthu okuphansi, kanye nokusebenza okungenazo i-halogen.
Izinto zekhebula ze-LSZH zisebenzisa izinhlelo ezivimbela ilangabi ezingenayo i-halogen, njenge-metal hydroxides noma i-phosphorus-nitrogen-based flame retardants. Ngaphansi kokuvezwa ukushisa, lezi zinhlelo zimunca ukushisa okuningi, zinciphise amagesi avuthayo, futhi zikhuthaze ukwakheka kwengqimba ye-char eningi, zicindezela ngempumelelo ukusabalala komlilo futhi zinciphise ukuconsa.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinto ze-LSZH zikhiqiza umusi omncane kakhulu kunezinto ze-PVC zendabuko, okusiza ukugcina ukubonakala okuphezulu ezimweni zomlilo nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba zingenawo ama-halogen, imikhiqizo yokusha ikakhulukazi iwumhwamuko wamanzi kanye ne-carbon dioxide, ngaphandle kokukhipha amagesi anobuthi noma aqothulayo, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukulimala kwesibili kubantu nasemishinini.
Lezi zakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe zakha isisekelo sokuphepha kwezintambo ze-LSZH ezivimbela ilangabi ekusetshenzisweni kwengqalasizinda yomphakathi.
3. Izinto Zekhebula Eliyisihluthulelo: Ukwakha Uhlelo Lokuvikela Umlilo Olunezingqimba Eziningi
Ngokombono wokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sekhebula, ukusebenza kwezintambo ze-LSZH ezivimbela ilangabi kuncike ekusetshenzisweni okuhlanganisiwe kwezinto eziningi zekhebula.
Inhlanganisela ye-LSZHisebenza njengento engaphandle kwesheya futhi inquma ukusebenza kwekhebula elingenamusi omningi, elingenayo i-halogen, kanye nelivimbela ilangabi. Itheyiphu ye-LSZH isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo nokuthuthukisa izinga lekhebula elivimbela ilangabi lilonke.
Itheyiphu ye-mica ye-Phlogopiteiyinto ebalulekile yekhebula engashisi. Ngaphansi kwezimo zomlilo (ngokuvamile cishe cishe ngo-750–950°C, kuye ngezindinganiso zokuhlola ezifana ne-IEC 60331 noma i-BS 6387), ingagcina ukufudumala kukagesi isikhathi esithile, yakha isisekelo sokusebenza kwekhebula elingashisi.
Itheyiphu yokuvimba amanzi kanye nentambo yokuvimba amanzi kusetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinomswakama nezinzima. Nakuba kungadingeki njalo ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphakathi okomile, kusetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zekhebula ezingaphansi komhlaba, ezingcwatshwe ngqo, kanye nezangaphandle.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinto ezihlanganisiwe, uhlelo lokuvikela olunezingqimba eziningi oluhlanganisa ukubambezeleka komlilo, ukumelana nomlilo, intuthu ephansi, kanye nokusebenza okungenawo ama-halogen kungafinyelelwa, kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamazinga omhlaba wonke.
4. Izicelo Zobunjiniyela kanye Nezidingo Zokusebenza Kwezinto Ezibalulekile
Ezinhlelweni ezifana nezakhiwo ezinkulu zomphakathi, izinhlelo zokuhamba zesitimela, kanye nengqalasizinda engaphansi komhlaba, izinto zekhebula akumele zihlinzeke ngokuphepha emlilweni kuphela kodwa futhi ziqinisekise ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside.
Izinto zekhebula ze-LSZH ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zivame ukunikeza izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini (njengokumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nomthelela), ukumelana nokuguga okuqinile, kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile kokushisa kukagesi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zinikeza ukusebenza okuhle kokucubungula, zisekela ukukhishwa okusheshayo kanye nokukhiqizwa okukhulu. Lezi zakhiwo zinqunywa ngokuqondile ukwakheka kwezinto kanye nokulawulwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, okwakha isisekelo sokusebenza kwekhebula okuthembekile.
Ngokuphathelene nokuhambisana nemithetho, izintambo ze-LSZH ngokuvamile ziyadingeka ukuze zihlangabezane nalezi zindinganiso zomhlaba wonke ezilandelayo:
Ukubuyiselwa komlilo: Uchungechunge lwe-IEC 60332
Ubuningi bentuthu: IEC 61034
Okuqukethwe kwe-Halogen: IEC 60754
Ukumelana nomlilo: IEC 60331 noma i-BS 6387
Njengoba izinto zekhebula ziqhubeka nokuthuthuka ziye ekuphepheni nasekusebenzeni okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zekhebula ze-LSZH, i-phlogopite mica tape, kanye nezinto zokuvimba amanzi kulindeleke ukuthi kwande kakhulu, kudale amathuba amasha kubahlinzeki bezinto zekhebula emakethe yomhlaba wonke.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-30-2026