Esakhiweni sezintambo ze-fiber optic, inhlanganisela yokugcwalisa iyisendlalelo esinganakwa kalula kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu. Ayihlanganyeli ngqo ekudlulisweni kwesignali ye-optical, futhi ayibonakali kahle njenge-sheath yangaphandle, kodwa ithinta ngqo ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuqina kokudluliselwa kwentambo, okwenza ibe yinto ebalulekile yokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwentambo yesikhathi eside.
I. Kuyini Ukugcwalisa I-Compound Futhi Kungani “Kuyisidingo” Sezintambo Ze-Fiber Optic?
I-fibre optic cable compound ayiyona "i-grease" evamile noma "i-petroleum jelly," kodwa iyinto esebenzayo efana ne-paste ecacile eyakhiwe ngamafutha ayisisekelo, izinhlelo zokujiya, izingxenye zokuvimba amanzi, izinhlelo ze-antioxidant, nezinye izinto. Ingqikithi ye-optical fiber iyi-quartz glass strand encane kakhulu, enokuzwela okuthathu okubalulekile: ukuzwela emanzini, umswakama, kanye nokucindezeleka komshini. Uma umswakama ungene endaweni engaphezulu ye-optical fiber, ingabangela ukuqhekeka okuncane futhi iholele ekuncipheni kwesignali okwandisiwe, okungabangela ukwehluleka kwe-fiber isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-micro-voids ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sekhebula, njengaphakathi kwamapayipi akhululekile, ezikhaleni ezingaphakathi, kanye namalungu azungeze amandla, angakha izindlela zokufuduka zamanzi kanye nomswakama.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko yenhlanganisela yokugcwalisa ibonakala ngezici ezimbili. Okokuqala, ukuvimba amanzi kanye nokumelana nomswakama: inhlanganisela igcwalisa ngokugcwele izikhala zangaphakathi zekhebula, yakha umgoqo oqhubekayo we-hydrophobic ovimbela ngempumelelo ukufuduka kwamanzi okude, okuvikela ngokuyisisekelo ukuqina kwesakhiwo se-fiber optical. Okwesibili, ukuvikelwa komshini wokubopha: ngaphakathi kwepayipi elikhululekile, inhlanganisela imboza i-fiber optical ukuze yakhe ungqimba lokusekela oluguquguqukayo. Lapho ikhebula libhekene namandla angaphandle njengokugoba, ukucindezeleka, noma ukudlidliza, lihlakaza ngempumelelo ukucindezeleka futhi linciphise ingozi yokulahlekelwa yi-microbending, ngaleyo ndlela liqinisekise ukudluliswa kwesignali okuzinzile.
II. Ijeli ye-Fiber vs. Ijeli yekhebula: Izindima Ezihlukene, Imithwalo Yemfanelo Ehlukahlukene
Embonini yekhebula le-fiber optic, ama-compounds okugcwalisa ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezimbili:Ijeli YefayibhafuthiIjeli YekhebulaKukhona umehluko omkhulu ezikhundleni zabo zokusebenzisa kanye nezidingo zokusebenza.
I-Fiber Gel iyinto esebenzayo ethintana ngqo ne-optical fiber, ikakhulukazi igcwalisa ingaphakathi lamashubhu akhululekile noma izakhiwo zomgogodla, igcina ukuxhumana okuqondile isikhathi eside ne-fiber. Ngakho-ke, izidingo zayo zokusebenza ziqinile kakhulu: kumele ibe nokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kokungcola kwemishini; izici ezinhle zokucindezeleka okuphansi ezingabangeli imiphumela ye-microbending ku-fiber; inani le-asidi eliphansi noma elicishe lingabi nomthelela omkhulu ukuze kugwenywe umthelela wamakhemikhali wesikhathi eside embozweni we-fiber; kanye nokulawula okubucayi kokusebenza kokuvela kwe-hydrogen, njengoba i-hydrogen ingabangela ukulahlekelwa kwe-OH-absorption ku-optical fiber, okuholela ekuncipheni kwesignali okwandisiwe ebhendini elingu-1.38μm. Ngokuphathelene nokukhethwa kwamafutha ayisisekelo, i-Fiber Gel isebenzisa kakhulu amafutha amaminerali ahlanzekile kakhulu noma izinhlelo zamafutha eziyisisekelo zokwenziwa, izinzuzo zazo zifaka phakathi isakhiwo sama-molecule esizinzile kanye nokuvumelana okuphezulu kwe-batch-to-batch, okwenza zifaneleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwekhebula okuthembekile kakhulu.
I-Cable Jelly isetshenziswa kakhulu ukugcwalisa izikhala eziyinhloko, izikhala zesakhiwo ezivalekile, noma izakhiwo zengqimba zangaphandle zekhebula. Ayihlangani ngqo ne-optical fiber, futhi imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ukuvimba amanzi kanye nokugcwalisa isakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, izidingo zayo zokuhlanzeka kanye nokusebenza kwebanga le-optical ziphansi kakhulu, kodwa kumele ibe nokusebenza okuhle kokuvimba amanzi kanye nokuqina kwesikhathi eside. Izinhlelo ze-base oil zisebenzisa kakhulu izinhlelo ze-naphthenic noma ze-hydrogenated mineral oil ezisekelwe ku-naphthenic noma eziphakathi nendawo, zifinyelela ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko nokusebenza, okwenza zifaneleke kakhulu ekuvikelweni kwengqimba yangaphandle.
Ngokombono wesistimu yezinto ezibonakalayo, ama-compound okugcwalisa angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu: i-compound yamafutha amaminerali, i-compound yamafutha okwenziwa, kanye ne-compound yamafutha e-silicone. I-compound yamafutha okwenziwa inikeza ukusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu. I-compound yamafutha okwenziwa ngokuvamile isekelwe ku-PAO (polyalphaolefin) njengamafutha ayisisekelo, enikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi kanye nokuqina kwe-oxidation. I-compound yamafutha e-silicone ifanelekela izindawo zokushisa eziphakeme kakhulu, igcina ukusebenza okuzinzile phakathi kuka--70°C kuya ku-200°C, kodwa izindleko zayo ziphakeme futhi ayihambisani nezinhlelo zamafutha amaminerali.
III. Izinkinga Ezivamile kanye Nezinyathelo Zokulwa Nezicelo Ezisebenzayo
Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa, ukufakwa, kanye nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwezintambo ze-fiber optic, kungavela izinkinga ezahlukene zokusebenza ngama-compounds okugcwalisa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha ngokuvamile kubonakala njengowoyela oyisisekelo ohlukana nohlelo lwe-compound, okuholela ekusabalaleni okungalingani kwe-compound, okubangela ukucindezeleka okungalingani ku-optical fiber kanye nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwe-microbending. Imbangela eyinhloko ivame ukuhlobene nokwakhiwa kohlelo lokujiya noma ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokuhlakazeka.
Ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kubonakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezibandayo. Izinhlelo zamafutha amaminerali ezivamile zithola ukwehla kwe-viscoelasticity emazingeni okushisa aphansi, zehluleka ukunikeza isivikelo esisebenzayo sokubopha, okungaholela ekuthinteni okuqondile phakathi kwe-optical fiber nodonga lweshubhu. Lokhu kufanele kuthuthukiswe ngokukhetha izinhlelo zamafutha okwenziwa noma amafutha e-silicone.
Izinkinga zokuhambisana zivame ukubonakala njengokungahambisani ngokomzimba noma kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwenhlanganisela nezinto ezifana namashubhu akhululekile e-PBT, izembozo zefayibha, nezinto ezivimba amanzi, okungaholela ekuvuvukeni kwezinto noma ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana okuqinile kumele kwenziwe ezisetshenziswayo ezisebenzayo.
Izinkinga zokuvela kwe-hydrogen zivela ngokuyinhloko ezingxenyeni ezingazinzile ohlelweni oluhlanganisiwe, ezingase zikhiphe i-hydrogen kancane kancane ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside, okuholela ekuncipheni okwengeziwe kwe-optical fiber. Ngakho-ke, ukulawulwa okuqinile kokuhlanzeka kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nomswakama endaweni yokukhiqiza kuyadingeka.
Izinkinga zenqubo yokugcwalisa zihlobene nezakhiwo ze-thixotropic ze-compound kanye nemingcele yokulawula imishini, njengejubane lokugcwalisa, ukulawula izinga lokushisa, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwengcindezi okungalingani, konke okungathinta ukufana kokusatshalaliswa kwe-compound ngaphakathi kwepayipi elikhululekile futhi ngenxa yalokho kuthinte ukusebenza kwekhebula iyonke.
Isiphetho
Nakuba i-compound yokugcwalisa ithatha indawo engabalulekile esakhiweni sekhebula, iyinto ebalulekile esebenzayo ethinta ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kanye nokusebenza kokudlulisa kwezintambo ze-fiber optic. Idlala indima engenakuphikwa ekuvimbeleni amanzi, ukumelana nomswakama, ukuvinjelwa, kanye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo. Njengoba amanethiwekhi okuxhumana kwe-fiber optic eqhubeka nokuthuthuka aye esivinini esiphezulu, amandla amakhulu, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo, izidingo zokusebenza kanye nezidingo zokulawula izinqubo zezakhi zokugcwalisa ikhebula nazo ziyanda kancane kancane.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-29-2026