Intambo evimbela ilangabi, ibhekisela kuntambo enezimo ezivimbela umlilo, ngokuvamile esimweni sokuhlolwa, ngemva kokuba intambo ishisiwe, uma ugesi unqanyuliwe, umlilo uzolawulwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuthile, ngeke usabalale, ngentambo evimbela ilangabi futhi uvimbele ukusebenza kwentuthu enobuthi. Intambo evimbela ilangabi njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuphepha kukagesi, ukukhetha izinto zayo kubalulekile, imakethe yamanje ivame ukusebenzisa izinto zentambo evimbela ilangabi ezifaka phakathiI-PVC, I-XLPE, irabha ye-silicone kanye nezinto zokuvikela amaminerali.
Ukukhetha ucingo olugcina ilangabi kanye nezinto zekhebula
Uma inkomba ye-oxygen yezinto ezisetshenziswa kukhebula elivimbela umlilo iphakeme, kulapho ukusebenza kwe-flame retardant kungcono khona, kodwa ngokwanda kwenkomba ye-oxygen, kuyadingeka ukulahlekelwa ezinye izakhiwo. Uma izakhiwo zomzimba kanye nezakhiwo zenqubo yezinto zincishisiwe, ukusebenza kunzima, futhi izindleko zezinto zikhuphuka, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhetha inkomba ye-oxygen ngokufanele nangokufanele, inkomba ye-oxygen yezinto zokufakelwa ezijwayelekile ifinyelela ku-30, umkhiqizo ungadlula izidingo zokuhlolwa zekilasi C kujwayelekile, uma izinto zokubopha nokugcwalisa ziyizinto ezivimbela umlilo, umkhiqizo ungahlangabezana nezidingo zekilasi B kanye nekilasi A. Izinto zocingo ezivimbela umlilo kanye nekhebula zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinto ezivimbela umlilo ezifakwe i-halogen kanye nezinto ezivimbela umlilo ezingenayo i-halogen;
1. Izinto ezivimbela ilangabi ezifakwe i-halogen
Ngenxa yokubola nokukhululwa kwe-hydrogen halide lapho ukusha kushiswa, i-hydrogen halide ingabamba impande ye-HO esebenzayo yama-free radical, ukuze ukusha kwezinto kubambezeleke noma kucinywe ukuze kufezwe injongo yokubamba ilangabi. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-polyvinyl chloride, irabha ye-neoprene, i-polyethylene ye-chlorosulfonated, irabha ye-ethylene-propylene nezinye izinto.
(1) I-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) evimbela amalangabi: Ngenxa yentengo ephansi ye-PVC, ukuvikela okuhle kanye ne-flame retardant, isetshenziswa kabanzi ocingweni olujwayelekile lwe-flame retardant kanye nekhebula. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-PVC retardant yomlilo, ama-halogen flame retardant (ama-decabromodiphenyl ethers), ama-paraffin ane-chlorinated kanye nama-synergic flame retardant avame ukungezwa kufomula ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-PVC retardant yomlilo.
Irabha ye-ethylene propylene (EPDM): ama-hydrocarbon angewona ama-polar, anezakhiwo zikagesi ezinhle kakhulu, ukumelana okuphezulu kokushisa, ukulahlekelwa okuphansi kwe-dielectric, kodwa irabha ye-ethylene propylene iyizinto ezivuthayo, kumelwe sinciphise izinga lerabha ye-ethylene propylene exhumanisayo, sinciphise ukunqamuka kweketanga lama-molecule okubangelwa izinto ezinesisindo esiphansi sama-molecule, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo ezivimbela ilangabi zale nto;
(2) Intuthu ephansi kanye nezinto ezivimbela ilangabi ze-halogen ephansi
Ngokuyinhloko kwe-polyvinyl chloride kanye ne-polyethylene ene-chlorosulfonated izinto ezimbili. Engeza i-CaCO3 kanye ne-A(IOH)3 efomini ye-PVC. I-Zinc borate kanye ne-MoO3 kunganciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-HCL kanye nenani lentuthu ye-polyvinyl chloride evimbela ilangabi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuncipha kokushisa kwelangabi kwezinto, kuncishiswe i-halogen, inkungu ye-acid, ukukhishwa kwentuthu, kodwa kungenza inkomba ye-oxygen yehle kancane.
2. Izinto ezivimbela ilangabi ezingenayo i-halogen
Ama-Polyolefin ayizinto ezingenayo i-halogen, aqukethe ama-hydrocarbon aphula i-carbon dioxide namanzi uma eshiswa ngaphandle kokukhiqiza intuthu enkulu namagesi ayingozi. I-Polyolefin ifaka kakhulu i-polyethylene (PE) kanye nama-polymer e-ethylene – vinyl acetate (E-VA). Lezi zinto ngokwazo azinawo ama-flame retardant, zidinga ukwengeza ama-flame retardant angaphili kanye nama-flame retardant achungechunge lwe-phosphorus, ukuze zicutshungulwe zibe izinto ezingokoqobo zama-flame retardant angenawo ama-halogen; Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamaqembu e-polar kuchungechunge lwama-molecule wezinto ezingezona i-polar ezine-hydrophobicity, ukusondelana nama-flame retardant angaphili kuphansi, kunzima ukubopha ngokuqinile. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umsebenzi wobuso be-polyolefin, ama-surfactant angangezwa kufomula. Noma ku-polyolefin exutshwe nama-polymer aqukethe amaqembu e-polar, ukuze kwandiswe inani le-flame retardant filler, kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zemishini kanye nezakhiwo zokucubungula zezinto, ngenkathi kutholwa ama-flame retardant angcono. Kungabonakala ukuthi ucingo nekhebula elivimbela amalangabi kusenenzuzo enkulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa kunomusa kakhulu emvelweni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-03-2024