Ikhebula elivikelwe, njengoba igama lisikisela, ikhebula elinamandla okuphazamisa ugesi ngaphandle okwakhiwa ngesimo sekhebula lokudlulisa elinesendlalelo sokuvikela. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukuvikela” esakhiweni sekhebula nakho kuyindlela yokuthuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamasimu kagesi. Umqhubi wekhebula wakhiwe ngezintambo eziningi, okulula ukwakha igebe lomoya phakathi kwalo nesendlalelo sokuvikela, futhi ubuso bomqhubi abubushelelezi, okuzobangela ukugcwala kwensimu kagesi.
1. Isendlalelo sokuvikela ikhebula
(1). Engeza ungqimba lokuvikela lwezinto ezihambisa amanzi kancane ebusweni bomqhubi, oluhambisana nomqhubi ovikelwe futhi oluthintana kahle nongqimba lokuvikela, ukuze kugwenywe ukukhishwa kwegesi okuyingxenye phakathi komqhubi nongqimba lokuvikela. Lolu ngqimba lokuvikela lwaziwa nangokuthi ungqimba lokuvikela lwangaphakathi. Kungase kube nezikhala ekuthintaneni phakathi kobuso bokuvikela kanye ne-sheath, futhi lapho ikhebula ligobile, ubuso bokuvikela ikhebula lephepha likawoyela kulula ukubangela imifantu, okuyizinto ezibangela ukukhishwa kwegesi okuyingxenye.
(2). Engeza ungqimba lokuvikela lwezinto ezihambisa amanzi kancane ebusweni bengqimba yokuvikela, oluthintana kahle nengqimba yokuvikela evikelekile futhi olunamandla alinganayo nengqimba yensimbi, ukuze ugweme ukukhishwa kwengxenye phakathi kwengqimba yokuvikela kanye nengqimba.
Ukuze kuqhutshwe ngokulinganayo i-core futhi kufakwe umswakama ensimini kagesi, izintambo zamandla ze-6kV nangaphezulu kwe-voltage ephakathi nephezulu ngokuvamile zinesendlalelo sesivikelo somqhubi kanye nesendlalelo sesivikelo sokuvimbela umswakama, kanti ezinye izintambo ze-voltage ephansi azinawo ungqimba lwesivikelo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezendlalelo zesivikelo: isivikelo esihambisa umswakama kancane kanye nesivikelo sensimbi.
2. Intambo evikelwe
Ingqimba yokuvikela yale ntambo ihlanganiswe kakhulu ibe yinethiwekhi yezintambo zensimbi noma ifilimu yensimbi, futhi kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuvikela okukodwa kanye nokuvikela okuningi. Isihlangu esisodwa sibhekisela ku-net eyodwa yesihlangu noma ifilimu yesihlangu, engasonga intambo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Imodi yokuvikela okuningi iyinethiwekhi ehlukahlukene yokuvikela, kanti ifilimu yokuvikela isekhebulani elilodwa. Ezinye zisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic phakathi kwezintambo, kanti ezinye ziyizivikelo ezinezingqimba ezimbili ezisetshenziselwa ukuqinisa umphumela wokuvikela. Indlela yokuvikela iwukumisa phansi ungqimba lokuvikela ukuze kuhlukaniswe i-voltage yokuphazamisa ebangelwa yintambo yangaphandle.
(1). Isivikelo esihambisa ugesi kancane
Isendlalelo sokuvikela esinomoya ophansi sivame ukuhlelwa ebusweni bangaphandle be-core wire conductive kanye nobuso bangaphandle be-insulation layer, ngokulandelana okubizwa ngokuthi i-inner semi-conductive shielding layer kanye ne-outer semi-conductive shielding layer. Isendlalelo sokuvikela esinomoya ophansi sakhiwe ngezinto ezi-semi-conductive ezinokumelana okuphansi kakhulu kanye nobukhulu obuncane. Isendlalelo sokuvikela esinomoya ophansi sakhiwe ukuze silingane insimu kagesi ebusweni bangaphandle be-conductor core futhi sigweme ukukhishwa kwengxenye ye-conductor kanye ne-insulation ngenxa yokungalingani kobuso be-conductor kanye negebe lomoya elibangelwa yi-core ebambekile. Isivikelo sangaphandle esinomoya ophansi sixhumana kahle nobuso bangaphandle be-insulation layer, futhi sihambisana ne-sheath yensimbi ukuze sigweme ukukhishwa kwengxenye ye-sheath yensimbi ngenxa yeziphambeko ezifana nokuqhekeka kobuso be-cable insulation.
(2). Isihlangu sensimbi
Ngezintambo zamandla ze-voltage ephakathi nephansi ezingenazo izigxobo zensimbi, ngaphezu kokusetha ungqimba lwesivikelo olusebenzisa ugesi oluncane, kodwa futhi engeza ungqimba lwesivikelo sensimbi. Ungqimba lwesivikelo sensimbi luvame ukugoqwaiteyipu yethusinoma ucingo lwethusi, oludlala indima yokuvikela insimu kagesi.
Ngenxa yokuthi ugesi odlula ngekhebula lamandla mkhulu kakhulu, insimu yamagnetic izokhiqizwa eduze kogesi, ukuze ingathinti ezinye izingxenye, ngakho ungqimba lokuvikela lungavikela le nsimu ye-electromagnetic ekhebulani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungqimba lokuvikela ikhebula lungadlala indima ethile ekuvikelweni komhlaba. Uma umongo wekhebula wonakele, ugesi ovuzayo ungageleza ngokugeleza kwe-laminar yokuvikela, njengenethiwekhi yokuvikela umhlaba, ukuze udlale indima ekuvikelweni kokuphepha. Kungabonakala ukuthi indima yongqimba lokuvikela ikhebula isenkulu kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-14-2024