Incazelo ye-HDPE
I-HDPE isifinyezo esivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukubhekisela ku-polyethylene enobuningi obukhulu. Siphinde sikhulume ngamapuleti e-PE, LDPE noma e-PE-HD. I-Polyethylene iyinto eyenziwe nge-thermoplastic eyingxenye yomndeni wamapulasitiki.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-polyethylene. Lo mehluko uchazwa yinqubo yokukhiqiza ezohluka. Sikhuluma nge-polyethylene:
• ukuminyana okuphansi (LDPE)
• ukuminyana okuphezulu (i-HDPE)
• ukuminyana okuphakathi (i-PEMD).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusenezinye izinhlobo ze-polyethylene: i-chlorinated (PE-C), enesisindo sama-molecule esiphezulu kakhulu.
Zonke lezi zifinyezo nezinhlobo zezinto zokwakha zibekwe ezingeni elifanayo ngaphansi kwe-NF EN ISO 1043-1 ejwayelekile.
I-HDPE ingumphumela wenqubo yokuminyana okuphezulu: i-High Density Polyethylene. Ngayo, singenza amathoyizi ezingane, izikhwama zepulasitiki, kanye namapayipi asetshenziselwa ukuthutha amanzi!
Ipulasitiki ye-HDPE ikhiqizwa ngokwenziwa kwe-petroleum. Ekukhiqizweni kwayo, i-HDPE ihilela izinyathelo ezahlukene:
• ukuhluzwa
• ukuqhekeka komusi
• ukwenziwa kwe-polymer
• ukwakheka kwe-granulation
Ngemva kwalokhu kuguqulwa, umkhiqizo uba mhlophe njengobisi, ukhanya. Bese kuba lula kakhulu ukuwubumba noma ukuwufaka umbala.
Amacala okusetshenziswa kwe-HDPE embonini
Ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo nezinzuzo zayo, i-HDPE isetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi zezimboni.
Kutholakala yonke indawo esizungezile ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
Ukwenziwa kwamabhodlela epulasitiki kanye nokupakishwa kwepulasitiki
I-HDPE yaziwa kakhulu embonini yokudla, ikakhulukazi ngokukhiqiza amabhodlela epulasitiki.
Kuyisitsha esihle kakhulu sokudla noma iziphuzo noma sokwenza izivalo zamabhodlela. Akukho bungozi bokuphuka njengoba kungaba khona ngengilazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukupakishwa kwepulasitiki ye-HDPE kunenzuzo enkulu yokuthi kungasetshenziswa kabusha.
Ngaphandle kwemboni yokudla, i-HDPE itholakala kwezinye izingxenye zemboni ngokujwayelekile:
• ukwenza amathoyizi,
• izivikelo zepulasitiki zama-notebook,
• amabhokisi okugcina izinto
• ekwenziweni kwezikebhe-kayak
• ukudalwa kwama-beacon buoys
• kanye nabanye abaningi!
I-HDPE embonini yamakhemikhali nemithi
Izimboni zamakhemikhali nezemithi zisebenzisa i-HDPE ngoba inezakhiwo ezimelana namakhemikhali. Kuthiwa ayinamakhemikhali.
Ngakho-ke, izosebenza njengesitsha:
• ngama-shampoo
• imikhiqizo yasekhaya okufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela
•ukugeza
• uwoyela wenjini
Iphinde isetshenziswe ekwenzeni amabhodlela emithi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sibona ukuthi amabhodlela aklanywe nge-polypropylene anamandla kakhulu ekulondolozeni imikhiqizo yawo uma enombala noma enombala.
I-HDPE yemboni yokwakha kanye nokuphathwa koketshezi
Okokugcina, enye yezindawo ezisebenzisa kakhulu i-HDPE yinsimu yamapayipi kanye nomkhakha wokwakha ngokujwayelekile.
Ochwepheshe bokuhlanzeka noma bokwakha bayisebenzisa ukwakha nokufaka amapayipi azosetshenziselwa ukuhambisa uketshezi (amanzi, igesi).
Kusukela ngawo-1950, ipayipi le-HDPE lithathe indawo yamapayipi e-lead. Amapayipi e-lead avinjelwa kancane kancane ngenxa yobuthi bawo emanzini okuphuza.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ipayipi le-polyethylene elinobukhulu obuphezulu (i-HDPE) liyipayipi elenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi okuphuza: lingenye yamapayipi asetshenziswa kakhulu kulo msebenzi wokuhlinzeka ngamanzi okuphuza.
I-HDPE inikeza inzuzo yokumelana nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi epayipini, ngokungafani ne-LDPE (i-polyethylene ephansi). Ukuze sisakaze amanzi ashisayo ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-60, sizokhetha ukusebenzisa amapayipi e-PERT (i-polyethylene emelana nokushisa).
I-HDPE yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthutha igesi ngepayipi, ukudala amapayipi noma izinto zokungenisa umoya esakhiweni.
Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokusebenzisa i-HDPE ezindaweni zezimboni
Kungani i-HDPE isetshenziswa kalula kangaka ezindaweni zokufaka amapayipi ezimbonini? Ngokuphambene nalokho, yiziphi izinto ezimbi ezingaba yizo?
Izinzuzo ze-HDPE njengezinto ezibonakalayo
I-HDPE iyinto enezakhiwo eziningana ezizuzisayo ezivumela ukusetshenziswa kwayo embonini noma ekuphathweni koketshezi emapayipini.
I-HDPE iyinto engabizi kakhulu ngenxa yekhwalithi eyisibonelo. Iqinile kakhulu (ayiphuki) ngenkathi ihlala ilula.
Ingamelana namazinga okushisa ahlukene kuye ngenqubo yayo yokukhiqiza (amazinga okushisa aphansi naphezulu: kusukela ku--30 °C kuya ku-+100 °C) futhi ekugcineni imelana nama-asidi amaningi e-solvent engase ibe nawo ngaphandle kokulimala.
Ake sichaze ezinye zezinzuzo zayo:
I-HDPE: into esetshenziswa kalula
Ngenxa yenqubo yokukhiqiza edala i-HDPE, i-HDPE imelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, lapho ifika esicongweni sokuncibilika, izinto zokwakha zingaba nesimo esikhethekile futhi zivumelane nezidingo zabakhiqizi: kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakha amabhodlela emikhiqizo yasekhaya noma banikeze amapayipi amanzi azomelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu.
Yingakho amapayipi e-PE emelana nokugqwala futhi ezinzile ngokumelene nokusabela okuningi kwamakhemikhali.
I-HDPE imelana kakhulu futhi ayingeni manzi
Enye inzuzo futhi hhayi encane, i-HDPE imelana kakhulu!
• I-HDPE imelana nokugqwala: ngaleyo ndlela amapayipi athutha uketshezi olunamandla ngeke "agqwale". Ngeke kube noshintsho ekujiyeni kwamapayipi noma ikhwalithi yokufakwa kwawo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ukumelana nenhlabathi enolaka: ngendlela efanayo, uma inhlabathi ine-asidi futhi ipayipi ligqitshwe, isimo sayo cishe asikwazi ukuguqulwa.
• I-HDPE iphinde imelane kakhulu nokushaqeka kwangaphandle okungenzeka: amandla adluliselwa ngesikhathi sokushaqeka azobe esebangela ukuguquka kwengxenye kunokuba yonakale. Ngokufanayo, ingozi yesando samanzi incishiswa kakhulu nge-HDPE.
Amapayipi e-HDPE awangeni: kungaba ngamanzi noma emoyeni. Kuyindinganiso ye-NF EN 1610 evumela isibonelo ukuhlola ukuqina kwepayipi.
Ekugcineni, uma inombala omnyama, i-HDPE ingamelana ne-UV
I-HDPE ilula kodwa inamandla
Ezindaweni zokufaka amapayipi ezimbonini, ukukhanya kwe-HDPE kuyinzuzo engenakuphikwa: Amapayipi e-HDPE kulula ukuwathutha, ukuwahambisa noma ukuwagcina.
Isibonelo, i-Polypropylene, imitha elilodwa lepayipi elinobubanzi obungaphansi kwama-300, inesisindo:
• 5 kg ku-HDPE
• Insimbi ephothiwe engu-66 kg
• Ukhonkolo ongu-150 kg
Eqinisweni, ukuze kuphathwe ngokujwayelekile, ukufakwa kwamapayipi e-HDPE kulula futhi kudinga imishini elula.
Ipayipi le-HDPE nalo liyamelana, ngoba lihlala isikhathi eside njengoba isikhathi salo sokuphila singaba side kakhulu (ikakhulukazi i-HDPE 100).
Lokhu kuphila kwesikhathi sombhobho kuzoncika ezintweni ezahlukene: ubukhulu, ingcindezi yangaphakathi noma izinga lokushisa loketshezi olungaphakathi. Sikhuluma ngeminyaka engama-50 kuya kweyi-100 yokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ububi bokusebenzisa i-polyethylene enobuningi obukhulu endaweni yokwakha
Ngokuphambene nalokho, kukhona nezinkinga zokusebenzisa ipayipi le-HDPE.
Singacaphuna isibonelo:
• izimo zokufakwa ngesikhathi sokwakha kumele zicophelele: ukuphathwa kabi kungaba yingozi
• akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-gluing noma i-screwing ukuxhuma amapayipi amabili e-HDPE
• kukhona ingozi yokuthi amapayipi aqine uma ehlangana namapayipi amabili
• I-HDPE imunca umsindo kakhulu kunezinye izinto (njengensimbi ephonswe ngensimbi), okuyinto enzima kakhulu ukuyithola
• futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuqashwe ukuvuza. Izinqubo ezibiza kakhulu bese zisetshenziswa ukuqapha inethiwekhi (izindlela ze-hydrophone)
• ukunwetshwa kokushisa kubalulekile nge-HDPE: ipayipi lingaguquguquka kuye ngokushisa
• kubalulekile ukuhlonipha amazinga okushisa aphezulu okusebenza ngokwezimfanelo ze-HDPE
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-11-2022