Izintambo ezingenamanzi zibhekisela ohlotsheni lwekhebula lapho izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-sheath ezingenamanzi kanye nemiklamo zamukelwa esakhiweni sekhebula ukuvimbela amanzi ukuba angene ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sekhebula. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile futhi okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwekhebula endaweni emanzi, engaphansi komhlaba noma ngaphansi kwamanzi nezinye izindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu, nokuvimbela izinkinga ezifana nokuwohloka kukagesi nokuguga kwe-insulation okubangelwa ukungena kwamanzi. Ngokwezindlela zabo ezihlukene zokuvikela, zingahlukaniswa zibe izintambo ezingenamanzi ezivimbela amanzi ukuba angangeni ngokuncika esakhiweni ngokwaso, kanye nezintambo ezivimba amanzi ezivimbela amanzi ukuba angasakazeki ngokusabela kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Isingeniso sekhebula le-JHS elingangenwa ngamanzi
Ikhebula le-JHS elingangeni manzi ikhebula elivamile elingangeni manzi elinerabha. Kokubili ungqimba lwawo lokuhlukanisa kanye nomgodla zenziwe ngerabha, ezibonisa ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kwamanzi. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezifana nokunikezwa kwamandla epompo angaphansi kwamanzi, ukusebenza ngaphansi komhlaba, ukwakhiwa kwamanzi ngaphansi kwamanzi, kanye nokukhipha amanzi eziteshini zikagesi, futhi ifaneleka ukunyakaza okuhlala isikhathi eside noma okuphindaphindwayo emanzini. Lolu hlobo lwekhebula luvamise ukuthatha uhlaka olunezimo ezintathu futhi lufanele izimo eziningi zokuxhunywa kwephampu yamanzi. Njengoba ukubukeka kwayo kufana nokwezintambo ezijwayelekile zenjoloba, lapho kukhethwa uhlobo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inesakhiwo sangaphakathi esingangeni manzi noma umklamo we-metal sheath ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ihlangabezana nezidingo zangempela zendawo yokusetshenziswa.
Isakhiwo kanye nezindlela zokuvikela zezintambo ezingangeni manzi
Idizayini yesakhiwo yamakhebuli angangeni amanzi ngokuvamile iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezimo zokusetshenziswa namazinga kagesi. Okwezintambo ezingangeni manzi ezinomgogodla owodwa,i-semi-conductive water-blocking tapenoma ezejwayelekilei-tape yokuvimbela amanzikuvame ukugoqwa ungqimba lokuvikela ukufakwa, futhi izinto ezengeziwe zokuvimbela amanzi zingasethwa ngaphandle kwesendlalelo sokuvikela insimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-powder yokuvimbela amanzi noma izintambo zokugcwalisa ukuvimbela amanzi zihlanganiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokuvala uphawu. Impahla ye-sheath ngokuvamile i-high-density polyethylene (i-HDPE) noma irabha ekhethekile enokusebenza kokuvimbela amanzi, esetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa umthamo ophelele wokungangeni kwamanzi e-radial.
Okwezintambo zamandla kagesi amaningi ayisisekelo noma aphakathi nendawo naphezulu, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza okungangeni manzi, itheyiphu ye-aluminium embozwe ngepulasitiki ivamise ukugoqwa ngobude ngaphakathi koqweqwe lwangaphakathi lolwelwesi noma umgodla, kuyilapho umgodla we-HDPE ukhishwa ungqimba lwangaphandle ukuze wakhe isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe esingangeni manzi. Ngobai-polyethylene exhunywe ngokuphambene (XLPE)izintambo ezivalekile ezingu-110kV nangaphezulu kwamabanga, amashethi ensimbi afana ne-aluminiyamu ecindezelwe ngokushisayo, umthofu ocindezelwe ngokushisayo, i-aluminium eshiselwe uthayela, noma amashethi ensimbi adonswa ngokubanda ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngamakhono angcono okuvikela ama-radial.
Indlela yokuvikela yezintambo ezingangeni manzi: i-longitudinal kanye ne-radial waterproofing
Izindlela zokuvimbela amanzi zezintambo ezingangeni manzi zingahlukaniswa zibe yi-longitudinal waterproofing kanye ne-radial waterproofing. Ukuvimbela amanzi isikhathi eside kuncike kakhulu ezintweni ezivimba amanzi, njengempushana evimba amanzi, intambo evimba amanzi, kanye netheyiphu evimba amanzi. Ngemva kokuba amanzi engenile, azokhula ngokushesha ukuze enze isendlalelo sokuzihlukanisa ngokomzimba, sivimbele ngokuphumelelayo amanzi ekusakazeni ngobude bekhebula. Ukuvimbela amanzi nge-radial kuvimbela ngokuyinhloko amanzi ukuthi angangeni ekhebulani evela ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa izinto ze-sheath noma amashethi ensimbi. Izintambo ezivikela amanzi emazingeni aphezulu ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezimbili ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvikeleka okuphelele kwamanzi.
Umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ezingangeni manzi nezintambo ezivimba amanzi
Nakuba izinhloso zalokhu kokubili zifana, kunomehluko osobala ezimisweni zesakhiwo kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa. Iphuzu eliyinhloko lezintambo ezingenamanzi ukuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angangeni ngaphakathi kwezintambo. Isakhiwo sabo ngokuvamile sithatha ama-sheaths ensimbi noma izinto ze-high-density sheath, ezigcizelela ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi nge-radial. Zifanele izindawo ezingaphansi kwamanzi zesikhathi eside njengamaphampu angaphansi kwamanzi, izinto zokusebenza ezingaphansi komhlaba, namahubhe aswakeme. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izintambo ezivimba amanzi zigxila kakhulu ekutheni kunqandwa kanjani ukusakazeka kwamanzi ngemva kokuba engene. Ikakhulukazi zisebenzisa izinto ezivimba amanzi ezinwebeka lapho zithintana namanzi, njengempushana evimba amanzi, intambo evimba amanzi, kanye netheyiphu evimba amanzi, ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela yokuvimbela amanzi yobude. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni zohlelo ezifana nezintambo zokuxhumana, izintambo zikagesi, nezintambo ezibonakalayo. Isakhiwo sonke sezintambo ezingenamanzi siyinkimbinkimbi futhi izindleko ziphakeme kakhulu, kuyilapho izintambo ezivimbela amanzi zinesakhiwo esivumelana nezimo kanye nezindleko ezilawulekayo, futhi zifaneleka ezindaweni eziningi zokubeka.
Isingeniso Samafomu Esakhiwo Sokuvimba Amanzi (Amakhebula Avimba Amanzi)
Izakhiwo zokuvimbela amanzi zingahlukaniswa zibe izakhiwo zokuvimbela amanzi ze-conductor kanye nezakhiwo eziyinhloko zokuvimbela amanzi ngokusho kwendawo yangaphakathi yekhebula. Isakhiwo sokuvimbela amanzi sabaqhubi sihlanganisa ukwengeza i-powder yokuvimbela amanzi noma intambo yokuvimbela amanzi ngesikhathi senqubo yokusonta yabaqhubi ukuze benze ungqimba lokuvimbela amanzi longitudinal. Ifanele izimo lapho kudingekile ukuvimbela ukusabalalisa ngaphakathi kwabaqhubi. Isakhiwo sokuvimbela amanzi se-cable core sengeza i-tape yokuvimbela amanzi ngaphakathi kwe-cable core. Lapho i-sheath yonakalisiwe futhi kungena amanzi, ikhula ngokushesha futhi ivimbe iziteshi eziyinhloko zekhebula, ivimbele ukusabalala okwengeziwe. Ngezakhiwo ezinama-multi-core, kunconywa ukuthi kuthathwe imiklamo ezimele yokuvimbela amanzi kumgogodla ngamunye ngokulandelanayo ukuze wenze izindawo eziyimpumputhe ezivimbela amanzi ezibangelwa izikhala ezinkulu kanye nokubunjwa okungavamile kwezintambo zekhebula, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukuthembeka okuphelele kwamanzi.
Ithebula lokuqhathanisa lamakhebula angangeni manzi kanye namakhebuli avimba amanzi (Inguqulo yesiNgisi)
Isiphetho
Izintambo ezingenamanzi kanye nezintambo ezivimba amanzi ngayinye inezici zayo zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinhlelo ezicacile zokufaka isicelo. Ebunjiniyela bangempela, uhlelo olufaneleka kakhulu lwesakhiwo esingenwa amanzi kufanele luhlolwe ngokuphelele futhi lukhethwe ngokusekelwe endaweni yokubeka, impilo yesevisi, izinga likagesi kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kwemishini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenkathi kugcizelela ukusebenza kwezintambo, ukunakwa kufanele futhi kukhokhwe izinga kanye nokuhambisana kwezinto eziluhlaza ezingenamanzi.
UMZWE OWODWAinikezelwe ekuhlinzekeni abakhiqizi bekhebula ngezixazululo eziphelele zezinto ezivimbela amanzi nokuvimbela amanzi, okuhlanganisa i-tape yokuvimbela amanzi, i-semi-conductive water-blocking tape, intambo yokuvimbela amanzi, i-HDPE, i-polyethylene ehlangene (i-XLPE), njll., ehlanganisa izinkambu eziningi ezifana nokuxhumana, izintambo zokukhanya, namandla. Asinikezi nje kuphela izinto ezisetshenziswayo zekhwalithi ephezulu, kodwa futhi sinethimba lochwepheshe elisekela amakhasimende ekuklameni nasekulungiseleleni izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene ezingangeni manzi, okusiza ukuthuthukisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kwezintambo.
Uma udinga ulwazi olwengeziwe ngamapharamitha womkhiqizo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyisampula, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nethimba ELILODWA LOMHLABA.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-16-2025