Ngokwezimo ezisebenzayo, izintambo ezibonakalayo ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinkulu ezimbalwa, ezifaka ngaphandle, ngaphakathi, nangaphakathi/ngaphandle. Yimuphi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zigaba ezinkulu zezintambo ezibonakalayo?
1. Ikhebula le-Optical Fiber yangaphandle
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwekhebula esihlangana nalo kubunjiniyela bezokuxhumana ngokuvamile ikhebula le-fiber optical yangaphandle.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwezindawo zangaphandle, izintambo ze-fiber optical zangaphandle ngokuvamile zisebenza kahle ngomshini futhi ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izakhiwo ezivikela umswakama nezimelana namanzi.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza komshini kwekhebuli, izintambo ze-optical fiber zangaphandle ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izingxenye zensimbi ezifana namalungu amaphakathi ensimbi kanye nezendlalelo zezivikelo zensimbi.
Amateyipu ensimbi ambozwe ngepulasitiki noma amakhasethi ensimbi azungeze umgogodla wekhebula abonisa izinto ezinhle kakhulu zokuvimbela umswakama. Ukuvalwa kwamanzi kwekhebula kutholakala ngokuyinhloko ngokungeza amafutha nomaintambo yokuvala amanzinjengama-filler ngaphakathi kwe-cable core.
Umgodla wezintambo ze-fiber optical zangaphandle ngokuvamile zenziwe nge-polyethylene. Ama-polyethylene sheaths anezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba, ukumelana nokugqwala, isikhathi eside sokuphila, ukuguquguquka okuhle, nezinye izinzuzo, kodwa azinqandeli ilangabi. Ikhabhoni emnyama nezinye izithasiselo ngokuvamile zifakwa emgodleni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwayo nemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Ngakho-ke, izintambo ze-fiber optical zangaphandle esizibonayo ngokuvamile zimnyama ngombala.
2.Indoor Optical Fiber Cable
Izintambo ze-fiber optical zasendlini ngokuvamile zinesakhiwo esingesona i-metallic, esinamafayibha e-aramid avame ukusetshenziswa njengelungu lamandla ekhebula, elinikela ekuguquguqukeni okuthuthukisiwe.
Ukusebenza kokusebenza kwezintambo ze-fiber optical zasendlini ngokuvamile kuphansi kunalezo zamakhebuli angaphandle.
Isibonelo, uma uqhathanisa izintambo zasendlini ezidizayinelwe ukukhebula okuqondile nokusebenza okungcono kwemishini kumakhebuli angaphandle asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokusebenza ezibuthaka njengamapayipi nezintambo zasemoyeni ezingazisekeli ngokwazo, amakhebuli angaphakathi anamandla angcono avumeleke okubamba kanye namandla avumelekile okucaba.
Izintambo ze-fiber optical zasendlini ngokuvamile azidingi ukucatshangelwa ukumelana namanzi okuvikela umswakama, noma ukumelana ne-UV. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwezintambo zasendlini kulula kakhulu kunezintambo zangaphandle. Umgodla wezintambo zefiber optical zasendlini uza ngemibala ehlukahlukene, ngokuvamile ehambelana nezinhlobo zezintambo ze-fiber optic, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo zangaphandle, izintambo ze-fiber optical zasendlini zinezikhala ezimfishane futhi ngokuvamile zidinga ukunqanyulwa kuzo zombili iziphetho.
Ngakho-ke, izintambo zasendlini zivame ukuvela ngendlela yezintambo zokubopha, lapho ingxenye ephakathi kuyintambo ye-fiber optical yasendlini. Ukuze kube lula ukunqanyulwa, ama-fiber cores amakhebuli angaphakathi ngokuvamile anemicu evalekile enobubanzi obungu-900μm (kuyilapho izintambo ezingaphandle ngokuvamile zisebenzisa imicu enemibala enobubanzi obungu-250μm noma 200μm).
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezingaphakathi endlini, izintambo ze-fiber optical zasendlini kufanele zibe namandla athile okuvikela ilangabi. Ngokuya ngesilinganiso esinganqamuki amalangabi, i-cable sheath isebenzisa izinto ezahlukahlukene ezingabambezeli ilangabi, njenge-polyethylene ebamba ilangabi, i-polyvinyl chloride,i-polyolefin enentuthu ephansi enguziro halogen e-flame-retardant, njll.
3.Indoor/Outdoor Optical Fiber Cable
Ikhebula le-fiber fiber yangaphakathi/yangaphandle, eyaziwa nangokuthi ikhebula le-universal yangaphakathi/yangaphandle, iwuhlobo lwekhebula eliklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle nangaphakathi, elisebenza njengomsele wamasignali okubona kusuka ngaphandle kuya endaweni yangaphakathi.
Izintambo ze-fiber optical zasendlini/zangaphandle zidinga ukuhlanganisa izinzuzo zezintambo zangaphandle ezifana nokumelana nomswakama, ukumelana namanzi, ukusebenza kahle kwemishini, nokumelana ne-UV, kanye nezici zezintambo zasendlini, okuhlanganisa ukubambezeleka komlilo nokungaxhumi kukagesi. Lolu hlobo lwekhebula luphinde lubizwe ngokuthi yikhebula yasendlini/yangaphandle enezinjongo ezimbili.
Ukuthuthukiswa okwenziwe kuzintambo zefibre yangaphakathi/yangaphandle, ngokusekelwe kumakhebuli angaphandle, kuhlanganisa:
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivimbela ilangabi emgodleni.
Ukungabi bikho kwezingxenye zensimbi esakhiweni noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi eziqinisayo ezinqanyulwa kalula ngogesi (njengentambo yesithunywa ezintanjeni ezizisekelayo).
Ukuqaliswa kwezinyathelo ezomile zokuvimbela amanzi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuza kwamafutha lapho ikhebula libekwe mpo.
Kubunjiniyela bokuxhumana obuvamile, izintambo zasendlini/zangaphandle azivamile ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwezintambo zokuwisa i-FTTH (Fiber to the Home). Kodwa-ke, kumaphrojekthi wekhebula abanzi lapho izintambo ezibonakalayo zivame ukushintsha ukusuka endaweni yangaphandle ukuya endlini, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhebula angaphakathi/angaphandle kuvame kakhulu. Izakhiwo ezimbili ezivamile zamakhebuli angaphakathi/angaphandle asetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi ahlanganisa amakhebula yisakhiwo seshubhu elixegayo kanye nesakhiwo esivinjwe ngokuqinile.
4.Ingabe Amakhebuli E-Optical Fiber Yangaphandle Angasetshenziswa Ngaphakathi?
Cha, abakwazi.
Kodwa-ke, kubunjiniyela bokuxhumana obujwayelekile, ngenxa yobuningi bezintambo ezibonakalayo ezitshalwa ngaphandle, izimo lapho izintambo zangaphandle zihanjiswa ngokuqondile ngaphakathi endlini zivame kakhulu.
Kwezinye izimo, ngisho nokuxhumana okubalulekile okufana namakhebuli okuwa phansi ezikhungo zedatha eyinhloko noma izintambo zokuxhumana phakathi kwezitezi ezihlukene zesikhungo sedatha eyinhloko zisebenzisa izintambo ezibonakalayo zangaphandle. Ibeka izingozi ezibalulekile zokuphepha emlilweni esakhiweni, njengoba izintambo zangaphandle zingase zingahlangabezani nezindinganiso zokuphepha komlilo zasendlini.
5.Izincomo Zokukhetha Amakhebuli E-Optical Fiber Kungqalasizinda Yokwakha
Izicelo Ezidinga Kokubili Ukuthunyelwa Kwangaphakathi Nangaphandle: Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zekhebula ezidinga ukuphakelwa kokubili ngaphandle nangaphakathi, njengezintambo zokuwisa kanye namakhebuli angena esakhiweni, kuyafaneleka ukukhetha izintambo zefiber optical zasendlini/zangaphandle.
Izicelo Ezisetshenziswe Ngokuphelele Ngaphakathi Kwendlu: Kuzinhlelo zekhebula ezifakwe ngokuphelele endlini, cabanga ukusebenzisa izintambo zefiber optical zasendlini noma izintambo zangaphakathi/zangaphandle zefiber optical fiber.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezimfuneko Zokuphepha Emlilweni: Ukuze uhlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuphepha komlilo, khetha ngokucophelela izintambo zefiber optical zasendlini/zangaphandle kanye nezintambo zefiber optical zasendlini ezinezilinganiso ezifanele zokuvinjwa ilangabi.
Lezi zincomo zihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo ze-fiber optical ezikhethiwe zizifanele kahle izimo zazo zokusatshalaliswa ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda yokwakha. Bacabangela kokubili izidingo zasendlini nezangaphandle kuyilapho bebeka phambili ukuthobela izindinganiso zokuphepha emlilweni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-28-2025