Iyini ikhebula le-Optical langaphandle?
Ikhebula le-optical langaphandle liwuhlobo lwekhebula le-optical fiber elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ukuxhumana. Linongqimba olwengeziwe lokuvikela olwaziwa ngokuthi i-armor noma i-metal sheathing, oluhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa ngokomzimba kuma-optical fibers, okwenza aqine kakhudlwana futhi akwazi ukusebenza ezimweni zemvelo ezinzima.
I. Izingxenye Eziyinhloko
Izintambo ze-optical zangaphandle ngokuvamile zakhiwa imicu engenalutho, ishubhu elixegayo, izinto zokuvimba amanzi, izinto zokuqinisa, kanye ne-sheath yangaphandle. Ziza ngezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene njengokuklama ishubhu eliphakathi, ukugoba kwezingqimba, kanye nesakhiwo samathambo.
Imicu engenalutho ibhekisela kuma-fiber optical okuqala anobubanzi obungama-micrometer angu-250. Ngokuvamile afaka ungqimba oluyinhloko, ungqimba lwe-cladding, kanye nongqimba lokumboza. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemicu engenalutho zinobukhulu obuhlukene bengqimba oluyinhloko. Isibonelo, imicu ye-OS2 yemodi eyodwa ngokuvamile ingama-micrometer angu-9, kuyilapho imicu ye-OM2/OM3/OM4/OM5 yemodi eningi ingama-micrometer angu-50, kanti imicu ye-OM1 yemodi eningi ingama-micrometer angu-62.5. Imicu engenalutho ivame ukufakwa imibala ukuze ihlukanise phakathi kwemicu ye-multi-core.
Amashubhu akhululekile avame ukwenziwa ngepulasitiki yobunjiniyela enamandla aphezulu i-PBT futhi asetshenziselwa ukufaka imicu engenalutho. Ahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa futhi agcwele ijeli evimba amanzi ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi okungalimaza imicu. Ijeli futhi isebenza njengesivikelo sokuvimbela umonakalo wefayibha ekushayweni. Inqubo yokukhiqiza amashubhu akhululekile ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ubude obedlulele befayibha.
Izinto zokuvimba amanzi zifaka igrisi yokuvimba amanzi ngekhebula, intambo yokuvimba amanzi, noma impuphu yokuvimba amanzi. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono lekhebula lokuvimba amanzi, indlela eyinhloko ukusebenzisa igrisi yokuvimba amanzi.
Izinto eziqinisayo ziza ngezinhlobo zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi. Ezensimbi zivame ukwenziwa ngezintambo zensimbi ezine-phosphate, amatheyipu e-aluminium, noma amatheyipu ensimbi. Izinto ezingezona ezensimbi zenziwe ngokuyinhloko ngezinto ze-FRP. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zisetshenziswa ngayiphi impahla, lezi zinto kumele zinikeze amandla adingekayo omshini ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezijwayelekile, okuhlanganisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka, ukugoba, ukushayisana, kanye nokusonta.
Ama-sheath angaphandle kufanele acabangele indawo yokusetshenziswa, okuhlanganisa ukuvimbela amanzi, ukumelana ne-UV, kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke, izinto ezimnyama ze-PE zivame ukusetshenziswa, njengoba izakhiwo zazo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ziqinisekisa ukufaneleka kokufakwa ngaphandle.
II. Izici kanye Nezinhlelo Zokusebenza
Ukumelana Nomlilo: Ngenxa yokuba khona kwesigxobo sensimbi, izintambo ze-optical zangaphandle zibonisa ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nomlilo. Izinto zensimbi zingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi zihlukanise amalangabi ngempumelelo, zinciphise umthelela womlilo ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana.
Ukudluliselwa Kwebanga Elide: Ngokuvikelwa okubonakalayo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokumelana nokuphazamiseka, izintambo ze-optical zangaphandle zingasekela ukudluliselwa kwesignali ye-optical ebanga elide. Lokhu kuzenza zibe usizo kakhulu ezimweni ezidinga ukudluliselwa kwedatha okubanzi.
Ukuphepha Okuphezulu: Izintambo ze-optical zangaphandle zingamelana nokuhlaselwa ngokomzimba kanye nomonakalo wangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezinezidingo zokuphepha kwenethiwekhi eziphezulu, njengezisekelo zempi kanye nezikhungo zikahulumeni, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwenethiwekhi.
III. Izinzuzo ngaphezu kwezintambo ezivamile ze-Optical
Isivikelo Esiqinile Somzimba: Igobolondo lensimbi lezintambo ze-optical zangaphandle livikela ngempumelelo umongo wefayibha ekulimaleni kwangaphandle okungokwenyama. Livimbela ikhebula ukuthi lingachotshozwa, linwetshwe, noma lisikwe, okuhlinzeka ngokuqina okungcono kanye nokuqina.
Ukumelana Nokuphazamiseka Okuphezulu: I-sheath yensimbi isebenza futhi njengesivikelo se-electromagnetic, ivimbela ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kwangaphandle ukuthi kungathinti ukudluliswa kwesignali yokukhanya futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana nokuphazamiseka.
Ukuzivumelanisa Nezindawo Ezinzima: Izintambo ze-optical zangaphandle zingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukene ezinzima, okuhlanganisa amazinga okushisa aphezulu naphansi, umswakama, kanye nokugqwala. Lokhu kuzenza zifaneleke kakhulu ekufakweni kwezintambo zangaphandle, ukuxhumana ngaphansi kwamanzi, izimboni, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zempi.
Ukuvikelwa Okwengeziwe Kwemishini: Igobolondo lensimbi lingamelana nokucindezela okukhulu kwemishini kanye nokucindezeleka, livikele imicu emandleni angaphandle futhi linciphise ingozi yokulimala kwekhebula.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izintambo ze-optical zangaphandle zingase zibe nezindleko eziphakeme kanye nobunzima bokufaka uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo ezivamile. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-sheath yensimbi, izintambo zangaphandle zinkulu kakhulu futhi aziguquguquki kakhulu, okwenza ukukhetha uhlobo lwekhebula olufanele kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezithile.
Ngenxa yokuvikelwa kwayo okuqinile ngokomzimba, ukumelana nokuphazamiseka, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinselele, izintambo ze-optical zangaphandle sezibe yisinqumo esikhethwayo sezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezibalulekile, zinikeza ukwesekwa okubalulekile kokudluliselwa kokuxhumana okuthembekile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-30-2023