1. Iyini ikhebula elingangeni manzi?
Amakhebula angasetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile emanzini abizwa ngokuthi amakhebula kagesi angangeni manzi (angangeni manzi). Uma ikhebula lifakwa ngaphansi kwamanzi, livame ukucwiliswa emanzini noma ezindaweni ezimanzi, ikhebula liyadingeka ukuthi libe nomsebenzi wokuvimbela amanzi (ukumelana), okungukuthi, liyadingeka ukuthi libe nomsebenzi wokumelana namanzi ngokugcwele, ukuze kuvinjelwe amanzi ukuthi angangeni ekhebulani, okubangela umonakalo ekhebulani, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwekhebula ngaphansi kwamanzi. Imodeli yekhebula elingangeni manzi evame ukusetshenziswa yi-JHS, engeyekhebula elingangeni manzi elinemikhono yerabha, ikhebula elingangeni manzi lihlukaniswe futhi libe ikhebula lamandla elingangeni manzi kanye nekhebula lekhompyutha elingangeni manzi, njll., futhi abamele imodeli yi-FS-YJY, FS-DJYP3VP3.
2. Uhlobo lwesakhiwo sekhebula elingangeni manzi
(1). Ngezintambo ezine-single-core, songaiteyipu yokuvimba amanzi eqhuba kancaneesivikelweni sokushisa, songa okujwayelekileiteyipu yokuvimba amanzingaphandle, bese ucindezela igobolondo langaphandle, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isivikelo sensimbi sithintana ngokugcwele, songa kuphela i-semi-conductive water blocking tape ngaphandle kwesivikelo sokushisa, isivikelo sensimbi asisasisongeli i-water blocking tape, kuye ngezinga lezidingo zokusebenza ezingangeni manzi, ukugcwaliswa kungagcwaliswa nge-filler evamile noma i-water block filler. Izinto zokwemboza kwangaphakathi kanye nezinto zokwemboza zangaphandle ziyafana nalezo ezichazwe kukhebula elilodwa eliyinhloko.
(2). Isendlalelo setheyiphu ye-aluminium embozwe ngepulasitiki sigoqwa ngobude ngaphakathi kwe-sheath yangaphandle noma ungqimba lwangaphakathi njengesendlalelo esingangeni manzi.
(3). Khipha isheya langaphandle le-HDPE ngqo kukhebula. Ikhebula elifakwe i-XLPE elingaphezulu kuka-110kV lifakwe isheya lensimbi ukuze lihlangabezane nezidingo ezingangeni manzi. Isivikelo sensimbi sinokungangeni ngokuphelele kanye nokumelana okuhle kwamanzi okuqondile. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesheya lensimbi yilezi: isheya le-aluminiyamu elicindezelwe ngokushisa, isheya le-lead elicindezelwe ngokushisa, isheya le-aluminiyamu elihlanganisiwe, isheya lensimbi elihlanganisiwe, isheya lensimbi elidonswe ngokubandayo njalo njalo.
3. Uhlobo olungangeni manzi lwekhebula elingangeni manzi
Ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswe kabili: Ukumelana namanzi okuqondile kanye nokumelana namanzi okuqondile. Ukumelana namanzi okuqondile kuvame ukusetshenziswaintambo yokuvimba amanzi, impuphu yamanzi kanye netheyiphu yokuvimba amanzi, indlela yokumelana namanzi kulezi zinto iqukethe amanzi angandisa izinto, lapho amanzi esuka ekugcineni kwekhebula noma esuka emgodleni ephuka, le nto izokhulisa amanzi ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukusabalala okwengeziwe eceleni kwekhebula elide, ukuze kufezwe injongo yekhebula elide elingangeni manzi. Ukumelana namanzi okusabalala kufezwa kakhulu ngokukhipha i-HDPE sheath engeyona insimbi noma ukucindezela okushisayo, ukushisela kanye ne-cold drawing metal sheath.
4. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezintambo ezingangeni manzi
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezintambo ezingangeni manzi ezisetshenziswa eShayina:
(1). Ikhebula elifakwe uthayela ngephepha likawoyela yikhebula elivame kakhulu ukumelana namanzi. Uthayela walo kanye nama-conductor agcwele uwoyela wekhebula, futhi kukhona ijakethi yensimbi (ijakethi ye-lead noma ijakethi ye-aluminium) ngaphandle kothayela, okuyikhebula elingcono kakhulu lokumelana namanzi. Esikhathini esidlule, izintambo eziningi zangaphansi kolwandle (noma zangaphansi kwamanzi) zazisebenzisa izintambo ezifakwe uthayela ngephepha likawoyela, kodwa izintambo ezifakwe uthayela ngephepha likawoyela zinqunyelwe ukwehla, kunenkinga yokuvuza kukawoyela, futhi ukulungiswa akukuhle, futhi manje sezisetshenziswa kancane kancane.
(2). Ikhebula elifakwe irabha le-ethylene propylene elisetshenziswa kabanzi emigqeni yokudlulisa ngaphansi kwamanzi ene-voltage ephansi nephakathi libangelwa ukusebenza kwalo okuphezulu kokufakwa kwe-insulation ngaphandle kokukhathazeka "ngesihlahla samanzi". Ikhebula elifakwe irabha elingangeni manzi (uhlobo lwe-JHS) lingasebenza ngokuphephile emanzini angajulile isikhathi eside.
(3). Ikhebula lamandla elihlanganisiwe le-polyethylene (XLPE) ngenxa yezakhiwo zalo ezinhle kakhulu zikagesi, zemishini nezomzimba, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula, isakhiwo esilula, amandla amakhulu okudlulisa, ukufakwa nokugcinwa kulula, akukhawulelwe ukwehla nezinye izinzuzo, kuba yinto yokufakelwa esetshenziswa kakhulu, kodwa ibucayi kakhulu kumswakama, enqubweni yokukhiqiza nokusebenza uma ukufakelwa kufakwe amanzi, Kuthambekele ekuqhekekeni “kwesihlahla samanzi”, kunciphisa kakhulu impilo yenkonzo yekhebula. Ngakho-ke, ikhebula elihlanganisiwe le-polyethylene elihlanganisiwe, ikakhulukazi ikhebula eliphakathi neliphezulu le-voltage ngaphansi kwesenzo se-AC voltage, kumele libe “nesakhiwo sokuvimba amanzi” uma sisetshenziswa endaweni yamanzi noma endaweni emanzi.
5. Umehluko phakathi kwekhebula elingangeni manzi nekhebula elivamile
Umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ezingangeni manzi nezintambo ezivamile ukuthi izintambo ezivamile azikwazi ukusetshenziswa emanzini. Ikhebula elingangeni manzi le-JHS liphinde libe uhlobo lwekhebula eliguquguqukayo le-sheath yerabha, i-insulation iyi-insulation yerabha, kanye nekhebula elijwayelekile le-sheath yerabha, ikhebula elingangeni manzi le-JHS livame ukusetshenziswa, kodwa lisemanzini noma amanye azodlula emanzini. Izintambo ezingangeni manzi ngokuvamile ziyi-3 core, iningi lazo lisetshenziswa lapho kuxhuma iphampu, intengo yezintambo ezingangeni manzi izobiza kakhulu kunezintambo ezivamile ze-sheath yerabha, kunzima ukuhlukanisa ukuthi zingangeni manzi yini ekubukekeni, udinga ukubonisana nomthengisi ukuze wazi ungqimba olungangeni manzi.
6. Umehluko phakathi kwekhebula elingangeni manzi nekhebula elingangeni manzi
Ikhebula elingangeni manzi: vimbela amanzi ukuthi angangeni ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sekhebula, kusetshenziswa isakhiwo nezinto ezingangeni manzi.
Ikhebula lokuvimba amanzi: Ukuhlolwa kuvumela amanzi ukuthi angene ngaphakathi kwekhebula, futhi akuvumeli ukungena kubude obubekiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezibekiwe. Ikhebula lokuvimba amanzi lihlukaniswe libe yi-conductor water blocking kanye ne-cable core water blocking.
Isakhiwo somqhubi ovimba amanzi: ukwengeza i-powder evimba amanzi kanye nentambo evimba amanzi enkambisweni yokugoba ucingo olulodwa, lapho umqhubi engena emanzini, i-powder evimba amanzi noma intambo evimba amanzi iyanda ngamanzi ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi, vele, umqhubi oqinile unokusebenza okungcono kokuvimba amanzi.
Isakhiwo sokuvimba amanzi se-core cable: lapho i-sheath yangaphandle yonakele futhi amanzi engena, i-tape yokuvimba amanzi iyakhula. Lapho i-tape yokuvimba amanzi ikhula, yakha ngokushesha ingxenye yokuvimba amanzi ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi okwengeziwe. Ku-cable enezinhloko ezintathu, kunzima kakhulu ukufeza ukumelana kwamanzi okuphelele kwe-core cable, ngoba igebe eliphakathi le-core ye-core yezinhloko ezintathu likhulu futhi alijwayelekile, noma ngabe ukusetshenziswa kwe-water block kugcwele, umphumela wokumelana namanzi awumuhle, kunconywa ukuthi i-core ngayinye ikhiqizwe ngokwesakhiwo sokumelana namanzi se-core eyodwa, bese kwakheka i-cable.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-23-2024