Izintambo ze-optical fiber zasemanzini zenzelwe ngqo izindawo zasemanzini, zinikeza ukudluliswa kwedatha okuzinzile nokuthembekile. Azisetshenziswa nje kuphela ekuxhumaneni kwemikhumbi yangaphakathi kodwa futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekuxhumaneni okudlula olwandle kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha kwamapulatifomu kawoyela negesi asemanzini, zidlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana zasemanzini zanamuhla. Ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokusebenza kwasolwandle, izintambo ze-optical fiber zasemanzini zenzelwe ukuba zingangeni manzi, zingacindezeli, zingagqwali, ziqine ngokwemishini, futhi ziguquguquke kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, ukwakheka kwezintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle kufaka okungenani iyunithi ye-fiber, i-sheath, ungqimba lwe-armor, kanye nejakethi yangaphandle. Ngemiklamo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile, izintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle zingashiya ungqimba lwe-armor esikhundleni salokho zisebenzise izinto ezingagugi kakhulu noma amajakethi angaphandle akhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze zivumelane nezimo ezahlukene, izintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle zingase zihlanganise nezendlalelo ezingashisi, amalungu aphakathi/aqinisayo, kanye nezinto ezengeziwe ezivimba amanzi.
(1) Iyunithi ye-Optical Fiber
Iyunithi yefayibha iyisici esiyinhloko sezintambo zefayibha ye-optical yasolwandle, equkethe ifayibha eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ye-optical.
Imicu ye-optical iyingxenye eyinhloko yekhebula, ngokuvamile equkethe umongo, i-cladding, kanye ne-coating, enesakhiwo esiyindilinga esiqinile. Umongo, owenziwe nge-silica ehlanzekile kakhulu, unesibopho sokudlulisa izimpawu ze-optical. I-cladding, eyenziwe nge-silica ehlanzekile kakhulu, izungeze umongo, ihlinzeka ngobuso obukhanyayo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwe-optical, kanye nokuvikelwa kwemishini. I-coating, ungqimba olungaphandle lwe-fiber, lwenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-acrylate, irabha ye-silicone, kanye ne-nylon, evikela i-fiber ekulimaleni komswakama kanye nomonakalo wemishini.
Imicu ye-optical ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa ibe imicu yemodi eyodwa (isb., G.655, G652D) kanye nemicu yemodi eminingi (isb., OM1-OM4), enezici zokusebenza kokudlulisa ezihlukile. Izakhiwo ezibalulekile zokudlulisa zifaka phakathi ukuncishiswa okuphezulu, i-bandwidth encane, inkomba yokubuyisa esebenzayo, i-number aperture, kanye ne-maximum dispersion coefficient, okunquma ukusebenza kahle kanye nebanga lokudlulisa isignali.
Imicu izungezwe amashubhu axegayo noma aqinile okunciphisa ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwemicu kanye nemiphumela yangaphandle yemvelo. Ukwakheka kweyunithi yemicu kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwedatha okuphumelelayo, okwenza kube yingxenye eyisisekelo nebaluleke kakhulu yezintambo zemicu ye-optical yasolwandle.
(2) Umgodla
I-fiber sheath iyisici esibalulekile sekhebula, ivikela imicu ye-optical. Ngokusekelwe kwisakhiwo, ingahlukaniswa ngamapayipi e-buffer aqinile kanye namapayipi e-buffer akhululekile.
Amashubhu e-tight buffer ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ezifana ne-polypropylene resin (PP), i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), kanye ne-halogen-free flame-retardant polyethylene (HFFR PE). Amashubhu e-tight buffer anamathela eduze kobuso be-fiber, angashiyi zikhala ezibalulekile, okunciphisa ukunyakaza kwe-fiber. Lokhu kugoba okuqinile kunikeza isivikelo esiqondile se-fiber, kuvimbela ukungena komswakama futhi kunikeze amandla aphezulu okusebenza kanye nokumelana nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.
Amashubhu e-buffer akhululekile avame ukwenziwa ngama-modulus aphezuluI-PBTipulasitiki, egcwele ijeli evimba amanzi ukuze inikeze ukucasha nokuvikela. Amashubhu e-buffer akhululekile anikeza ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu kanye nokumelana nengcindezi eseceleni. Ijeli evimba amanzi ivumela imicu ukuthi ihambe ngokukhululeka ngaphakathi kweshubhu, okwenza kube lula ukukhipha nokunakekela imicu. Iphinde inikeze isivikelo esengeziwe ekulimaleni nasekungeneni komswakama, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuphepha kwekhebula ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
(3) Isendlalelo Sezikhali
Isendlalelo sezivikelo sitholakala ngaphakathi kwejazi langaphandle futhi sinikeza isivikelo esengeziwe semishini, sivimbela umonakalo ongokwenyama kwikhebula le-optical fiber lasolwandle. Isendlalelo sezivikelo ngokuvamile senziwe nge-galvanized steel wire braid (GSWB). Isakhiwo esilukiwe simboza ikhebula ngezintambo zensimbi ezilukiwe, ngokuvamile ngesilinganiso sokumboza esingaphansi kuka-80%. Isakhiwo sezivikelo sinikeza isivikelo esiphezulu kakhulu semishini kanye namandla okuthamba, kuyilapho ukwakheka okulukiwe kuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kanye nerediyasi encane yokugoba (irediyasi eguquguqukayo evumelekile yokugoba yezintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle ingu-20D). Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa okudinga ukunyakaza noma ukugoba njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zensimbi ezilukiwe zinikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okwengeziwe, okwenza kube kuhle ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma ezifuthwa ngosawoti.
(4) Ijazi Langaphandle
Ijakethi yangaphandle iwungqimba oluvikela ngqo lwezintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle, ezenzelwe ukumelana nokukhanya kwelanga, imvula, ukuguguleka kwamanzi olwandle, umonakalo wezinto eziphilayo, umthelela womzimba, kanye nemisebe ye-UV. Ijakethi yangaphandle ngokuvamile yenziwe ngezinto ezingamelani nemvelo ezifana ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) kanye ne-low-smoke zero-halogen (I-LSZH) i-polyolefin, enikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-UV, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nokumelana nomlilo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhebula lihlala lizinzile futhi lithembekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zasolwandle. Ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, izintambo eziningi ze-optical fiber zasolwandle manje zisebenzisa izinto ze-LSZH, njenge-LSZH-SHF1, LSZH-SHF2, kanye ne-LSZH-SHF2 MUD. Izinto ze-LSZH zikhiqiza ubuningi obuphansi kakhulu bentuthu futhi azinawo ama-halogen (i-fluorine, i-chlorine, i-bromine, njll.), okugwema ukukhishwa kwamagesi anobuthi ngesikhathi sokushisa. Phakathi kwalokhu, i-LSZH-SHF1 iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu.
(5) Isendlalelo Esimelana Nomlilo
Ezindaweni ezibucayi, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana (isb., kuma-alamu omlilo, ukukhanyisa, kanye nokuxhumana ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo), ezinye izintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle zifaka ungqimba olungashisi umlilo. Izintambo ze-buffer tube ezikhululekile zivame ukudinga ukungezwa kwe-mica tape ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nomlilo. Izintambo ezingashisi umlilo zingagcina amakhono okuxhumana isikhathi esithile ngesikhathi somlilo, okubalulekile ekuphepheni komkhumbi.
(6) Ukuqinisa Amalungu
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okusebenza kwezintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle, amalungu okuqinisa aphakathi njengezintambo zensimbi ezine-phosphate noma ipulasitiki eqiniswe nge-fiber (I-FRP) zengezwa. Lokhu kwandisa amandla ekhebula kanye nokumelana nokuthamba, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amalungu okuqinisa asekelayo njengentambo ye-aramid angangezwa ukuthuthukisa amandla ekhebula kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali.
(7) Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesakhiwo
Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, isakhiwo nezinto zokwakha izintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle ziyashintsha njalo. Isibonelo, izintambo ze-ome ngokuphelele zisusa ijeli yendabuko yokuvimba amanzi futhi zisebenzisa izinto zokuvimba amanzi ezomile kokubili kuma-tubes akhululekile kanye ne-cable core, okunikeza izinzuzo zemvelo, isisindo esilula, kanye nezinzuzo ezingenayo ijeli. Esinye isibonelo ukusetshenziswa kwe-thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) njengezinto zangaphandle zejakethi, ezinikeza ububanzi bokushisa obubanzi, ukumelana namafutha, ukumelana ne-asidi, ukumelana ne-alkali, isisindo esilula, kanye nezidingo zesikhala esincane. Lokhu kusungulwa kubonisa ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo ekwakhiweni kwekhebula le-optical fiber lasolwandle.
(8) Isifinyezo
Ukwakheka kwezintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle kubheka izidingo ezikhethekile zezindawo zasolwandle, okuhlanganisa ukuvimbela amanzi, ukumelana nengcindezi, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye namandla omshini. Ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuthembeka kwezintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle kuzenza zibe yingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zokuxhumana zasolwandle zanamuhla. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe basolwandle buthuthuka, isakhiwo nezinto zokwakha izintambo ze-optical fiber zasolwandle ziyaqhubeka nokuguquka ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zokuhlola okujulile kolwandle kanye nezidingo zokuxhumana eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Mayelana ne-ONE WORLD (OW Cable)
I-ONE WORLD (OW Cable) ingumhlinzeki ohamba phambili emhlabeni wonke wezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphezulu embonini yezintambo nezintambo. Iphothifoliyo yethu yomkhiqizo ifaka phakathi ipulasitiki eqiniswe ngefayibha (FRP), izinto eziphansi ze-zero-halogen (LSZH), i-polyethylene engenalo i-halogen evimbela umlilo (HFFR PE), nezinye izinto ezithuthukisiwe ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zezinhlelo zokusebenza zekhebula zesimanje. Ngokuzibophezela emisha, ikhwalithi, kanye nokusimama, i-ONE WORLD (OW Cable) isibe ngumlingani othembekile wabakhiqizi bezintambo emhlabeni jikelele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izintambo ze-fiber optical zasolwandle, izintambo zikagesi, izintambo zokuxhumana, noma ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile, sinikeza izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nobuchwepheshe obudingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nokuthembeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-14-2025