Ukumelana nemvelo kubalulekile ekufakweni kwekhebula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside, ukuphepha, nokwethembeka. Amakhebuli avame ukuchayeka ezimeni ezinzima ezifana namanzi/umswakama, amakhemikhali, imisebe ye-UV, amazinga okushisa aphakeme, kanye nokucindezeleka komshini. Ukukhetha izinto ezifanele ezinokumelana nemvelo okufanele kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza nokwelula impilo yesevisi yekhebula.
Lesi sigaba sihlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zokumelana nemvelo okudingekayo ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zekhebula.
Ijakhethi yangaphandle noma i-sheath isebenza njengomugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela ezicini zemvelo. Ivamise ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali, amanzi, ukuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nemisebe ye-UV. Izinto eziyinhloko ezisetshenziselwa i-jacket yangaphandle ziyiI-PVC (i-Polyvinyl Chloride), PE (i-Polyethylene), kanyeI-LSZH (Intuthu Ephansi Ayiziro Halogen), ngalinye linikeza amazinga ahlukene okumelana kuye ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza.
1. Ukumelana Kwamakhemikhali, Uwoyela, kanye Ne-Hydrocarbon
Phakathi nakho kokubili ukufakwa nempilo yokusebenza kwekhebula, ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali, uwoyela, noma ama-hydrocarbons kungenzeka, ngokuchitheka kwengozi noma ukuthintana okuqhubekayo ezindaweni zezimboni. Ukuchayeka okunjalo kungonakalisa umgodla wangaphandle, okuholela ekuqhekekeni, ekuvuvukeni, noma ekulahlekelweni kwezakhiwo eziwumshini.
Ukukhetha izinto ezinokumelana kwamakhemikhali okuqinile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhebula ligcina ubuqotho, ukusebenza, nokwethembeka kukho konke ukuphila kwayo.
Izinhlobo Zokuchayeka Amakhemikhali:
Amakhemikhali Egesi: Amakhemikhali egesi ngokuvamile ane-reactivity ephansi nama-polymers njengoba engangeni ngokujulile ezintweni. Kodwa-ke, amagesi asebenzayo njenge-chlorine noma i-ozone angabangela ukuwohloka kwendawo futhi athinte kakhulu izakhiwo ze-polymer.
Amakhemikhali Awuketshezi: Amakhemikhali awuketshezi ngokuvamile aletha ingozi enkulu ngenxa yekhono lawo lokusabalala ezintweni. Lokhu kungaholela ekuvuvukeni, epulasitikini, noma ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali kwangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-polymer matrix, okonakalise izakhiwo zemishini nezikagesi.
Ukusebenza Kwezinto:
I-PE (i-Polyethylene): Inikeza ukumelana okuhle kumakhemikhali amaningi nama-hydrocarbon. Isebenza kahle ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zamakhemikhali kodwa ingazwela kuma-oxidizing agents aqinile.
I-PVC (i-Polyvinyl Chloride): Ibonisa ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kumafutha, amakhemikhali, nama-hydrocarbon, ikakhulukazi uma enziwe ngezithasiselo ezifanele ezimelana nowoyela.
I-LSZH (I-Low Smoke Zero Halogen): Inikeza ukumelana okumaphakathi kumakhemikhali namafutha. Izinhlanganisela ze-LSZH zenzelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuphepha komlilo (ukukhiqiza intuthu ephansi kanye nobuthi obuphansi ngesikhathi sokusha). Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka okukhethekile kwe-LSZH kungafinyelela ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe kwamafutha namakhemikhali lapho kudingeka.
2. Ukumelana Namanzi Nomswakama
Amakhebuli avame ukuchayeka emanzini noma ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu ngesikhathi sokufakwa kanye nempilo yawo yonke yesevisi. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emswakameni kungaholela ekonakaleni kwe-insulation, ukugqwala kwezingxenye zensimbi, kanye nokuncipha kokusebenza kwekhebula kukonke.
Ngakho-ke, ukumelana namanzi kuyisici esibalulekile ekufakweni kwekhebula okuningi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingaphandle, ezingaphansi komhlaba, noma zasolwandle.
Phakathi kwezinto ezivamile zejakhethi, i-PE (i-Polyethylene) inikeza ukumelana kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuvikelwa isikhathi eside ekungeneni komswakama.
Izintambo ezine-Voltage ephansi kanye ne-Medium Voltage armored ezine-LSZH noma i-PVC sheath ngokuvamile azinconywa ukuthi zifakwe ezindaweni ezigcwele amanzi unomphela, njengenhlabathi yobumba noma izindawo ezingaphansi kwetafula lamanzi. Ngokuphambene, i-PE sheaths ukumelana okukhulu nokufuduka kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa i-cable insulation. Ngenxa yalokho, izintambo ezine-PE-sheathed zifaneleka kakhulu izimo ezimanzi futhi kungenzeka ukuthi zifinyelele impilo yazo ephelele yokuklama.
Idizayini Yekhebula Eliqinile Amanzi:
Ukuze kuzuzwe ukumelana kwamanzi kweqiniso ezintanjeni, kubhekwa izivikelo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
I-Radial Water Protection:
Kuzuzwe kusetshenziswa izinto ezifana namashethi ensimbi eholayo noma amateyipu ensimbi/ensimbi alaminated ahlanganiswe nama-polymers akhethekile.
Ukuvikelwa Kwamanzi Okude:
Kufinyelelwe kusetshenziswa amateyipu okuvimbela amanzi noma izimpushana ezivimbela ukuhamba kwamanzi ngobude bekhebula.
Isilinganiso se-Ingress Protection (IP) kanye ne-AD7/AD8 Class:
Ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezigaba zokuvikela i-IP nezilinganiso (ezifana ne-AD7 noma AD8) zizokwabiwa esihlokweni esihlukile.
3. Ukumelana ne-UV
Ukuqonda nokukhetha ukumelana okufanele kwemvelo kwezicelo zekhebula kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside, ukuphepha, nokwethembeka. Izinto ezifana nokuchayeka kwamakhemikhali, ukungena kwamanzi, imisebe ye-UV, nokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa kungaba nomthelela omubi ekuthembekeni kwekhebula uma kungacatshangelwa kahle ngesikhathi sokukhetha izinto.
Ukukhetha impahla yesheath yangaphandle efanele—kungaba i-PVC, i-PE, noma i-LSZH—ngokusekelwe ezimeni ezithile zemvelo kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwekhebula nempilo yesevisi. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa amasu afanele okuvimbela amanzi nokucabangela izilinganiso ze-IP kuqinisa ngokwengeziwe ukuvikeleka kwekhebula ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu.
Ngokuhlola ngokucophelela lokhu kumelana kwemvelo, amasistimu amakhebula angalungiselelwa kangcono izinhlelo zawo ezihlosiwe, ukunciphisa izidingo zokunakekela, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuhluleka, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kuwo wonke umjikelezo wawo wokuphila olindelekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-27-2025