Namuhla, ake ngichaze isakhiwo esinemininingwane sezintambo ze-Ethernet zasolwandle. Kalula nje, izintambo ze-Ethernet ezijwayelekile zakhiwa umqhubi, ungqimba lokufaka izinto, ungqimba lokuvikela, kanye nongqimba lwangaphandle, kuyilapho izintambo ezivikelwe zengeza ungqimba lwangaphakathi nongqimba lwezivikelwe phakathi kokuvikela nongqimba lwangaphandle. Ngokusobala, izintambo ezivikelwe azihlinzeki nje kuphela ngokuvikelwa okwengeziwe komshini kodwa futhi nongqimba lwangaphakathi oluvikelayo. Manje, ake sihlole ingxenye ngayinye ngokuningiliziwe.
1. Umqhubi: Umongo Wokudluliswa Kwesignali
Ama-conductor ekhebula le-Ethernet afika ngezinto ezahlukahlukene okuhlanganisa ithusi elifakwe ethini, ithusi elingenalutho, ucingo lwe-aluminium, i-aluminium efakwe ethini, kanye nensimbi efakwe ethini. Ngokusho kwe-IEC 61156-5:2020, izintambo ze-Ethernet zasolwandle kufanele zisebenzise ama-conductor ethusi aqinile anobubanzi obuphakathi kuka-0.4mm no-0.65mm. Njengoba izidingo zesivinini sokudlulisa esiphezulu kanye nokuqina kwanda, ama-conductor aphansi njenge-aluminium kanye ne-aluminium efakwe ethini ayaqedwa, kanti ithusi elifakwe ethini kanye nethusi elingenalutho manje sekubusa imakethe.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nethusi elingenalutho, ithusi elifakwe ethini linikeza ukuzinza okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali, limelana nokushiswa, ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali, kanye nomswakama ukuze kulondolozwe ukuthembeka kwesekethe.
Ama-conductor eza ngezakhiwo ezimbili: eqinile neyi-stranded. Ama-conductor aqinile asebenzisa intambo yethusi eyodwa, kuyilapho ama-conductor astranded equkethe izintambo zethusi eziningi ezincane ezisontekile ndawonye. Umehluko oyinhloko usekusebenzeni kokudlulisela - njengoba izindawo ezinkulu ezinqamulayo zinciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokufakwa, ama-conductor astranded abonisa ukuncishiswa okuphezulu ngo-20%-50% kunalawo aqinile. Izikhala phakathi kwezintambo nazo zandisa ukumelana kwe-DC.
Izintambo eziningi ze-Ethernet zisebenzisa ama-conductor angu-23AWG (0.57mm) noma angu-24AWG (0.51mm). Ngenkathi i-CAT5E ivame ukusebenzisa i-24AWG, izigaba eziphakeme njenge-CAT6/6A/7/7A zivame ukudinga i-23AWG ukuze isebenze kangcono. Kodwa-ke, izindinganiso ze-IEC azidingi ama-wire gauge athile - izintambo ze-24AWG ezenziwe kahle zisengahlangabezana nemininingwane ye-CAT6+.
2. Isendlalelo Sokuvimbela: Ukuvikela Ubuqotho Besignali
Isendlalelo sokuvikela sivimbela ukuvuza kwesiginali ngesikhathi sokudlulisa. Ngokulandela amazinga e-IEC 60092-360 kanye ne-GB/T 50311-2016, izintambo zasolwandle zivame ukusebenzisai-polyethylene enobukhulu obuphezulu (i-HDPE)noma okunegwebui-polyethylene (i-PE Foam). I-HDPE inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa, amandla omshini, kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwemvelo, okwenza kube lula kakhulu. I-Foamed PE inikeza izakhiwo ezingcono ze-dielectric, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu kumakhebula e-CAT6A+ asheshayo.
3. Isihlukanisi Esiphambene: Ukunciphisa Ukunqamula Isignali
Isihlukanisi esiphambeneyo (esaziwa nangokuthi i-cross filler) senzelwe ukuhlukanisa ngokoqobo ama-pair amane asontekile abe ama-quadrant ahlukene, kunciphisa ngempumelelo i-crosstalk phakathi kwama-pair. Ngokuvamile yakhiwe ngezinto ze-HDPE ezinobubanzi obujwayelekile obungu-0.5mm, le ngxenye ibalulekile kuma-cable esigaba sesi-6 kanye nesigaba esiphakeme adlulisa idatha ku-1Gbps noma ngokushesha, njengoba la ma-cable ebonisa ukuzwela okukhulu emsindweni wesignali futhi adinga ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe kokuphazamiseka. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-cable esigaba sesi-6 nangaphezulu angenawo ama-foil shielding azimele ahlanganisa ama-cross filler ukuze ahlukanise ama-pair amane asontekile.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izintambo zeSigaba 5e kanye nalezo ezisebenzisa imiklamo ye-foil evikelwe ngababili azifaki i-cross filler. Ukucushwa kwe-twisted-pair okungokwemvelo kwezintambo ze-Cat5e kunikeza ukuvikelwa okwanele kokuphazamiseka kwezidingo zazo ze-bandwidth ezilinganiselwe, okususa isidingo sokuhlukaniswa okwengeziwe. Ngokufanayo, izintambo ezine-foil-shielded pairs zisebenzisa ikhono elingokwemvelo le-aluminium foil ukuvimba ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic okuvama kakhulu, okwenza i-cross filler ingadingeki.
Ilungu lamandla okudonsa lidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukunwebeka kwekhebula okungalimaza ukusebenza kahle. Abakhiqizi bekhebula abahamba phambili embonini basebenzisa kakhulu intambo ye-fiberglass noma ye-nylon njengento yokuqinisa ukudonsa ekwakhiweni kwekhebula labo. Lezi zinto zihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuhle kakhulu kwemishini ngenkathi zigcina izici zokudlulisa ikhebula.
4. Isendlalelo Sokuvikela: Ukuvikelwa Kwe-Electromagnetic
Izendlalelo zokuvikela zakhiwe nge-aluminium foil kanye/noma i-mesh eboshwe ukuze kuvinjwe i-EMI. Izintambo ezivikelwe ngodwa zisebenzisa ungqimba olulodwa lwe-aluminium foil (≥0.012mm ubukhulu obungu-≥20% obuningi) kanye nesendlalelo se-PET mylar ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwamanje. Izinhlobo ezivikelwe kabili ziza ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-SF/UTP (i-foil iyonke + i-braid) kanye ne-S/FTP (i-foil yombhangqwana ngamunye + i-braid iyonke). I-braid yethusi efakwe ethini (≥0.5mm ububanzi bentambo) inikeza ukumbozwa okwenziwe ngokwezifiso (ngokuvamile okungu-45%, 65%, noma 80%). Ngokwe-IEC 60092-350, izintambo zasolwandle ezivikelwe ngodwa zidinga intambo yokukhipha amanzi ukuze zibekwe phansi, kuyilapho izinhlobo ezivikelwe kabili zisebenzisa i-braid ukuze zikhiphe amanzi angashintshi.
5. Isendlalelo Sezikhali: Ukuvikelwa Kwemishini
Isendlalelo se-armor sithuthukisa ukumelana nokucindezelwa/ukuchotshozwa futhi sithuthukisa ukuvikela kwe-EMI. Izintambo zasemanzini zisebenzisa kakhulu i-armor eboshwe ngokwe-ISO 7959-2, kanye ne-galvanized steel wire (GSWB) enikeza amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokushisa kwezicelo ezidinga amandla, kuyilapho i-tin copper wire (TCWB) inikeza ukuguquguquka okungcono kwezindawo ezixineneyo.
6. Isivikelo Sangaphandle: Isivikelo Semvelo
Igobolondo langaphandle kumele libe bushelelezi, ligxile, futhi lisuswe ngaphandle kokulimaza izendlalelo ezingaphansi. Izindinganiso ze-DNV zidinga ukujiya (Dt) kube ngu-0.04×Df (ububanzi bangaphakathi) +0.5mm, okungenani kube ngu-0.7mm. Izintambo zasolwandle zisebenzisa kakhuluI-LSZH (i-halogen engenantuthu ephansi)izinto (amamaki e-SHF1/SHF2/SHF2 MUD ngokwe-IEC 60092-360) ezinciphisa umusi onobuthi ngesikhathi somlilo.
Isiphetho
Zonke izingqimba zezintambo ze-Ethernet zasolwandle zibonisa ubunjiniyela obucophelelayo. Kwa-OW CABLE, sizibophezele ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bezintambo - zizwe ukhululekile ukuxoxa ngezidingo zakho ezithile nathi!
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-25-2025