1. Isingeniso
I-EVA isifinyezo se-ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, i-polyolof polymer. Ngenxa yokushisa kwayo okuphansi okuncibilikayo, uketshezi oluhle, ubumbano kanye nezinto ezingezona ze-halogen, futhi zingahambelana nama-polymers nama-polymers, futhi i-performation ahlukile, ngakho-ke intengo yemakethe, nayo yokwenziwa okuphezulu, ingasebenza njenge-filler, i-sheaning impahla; ingenziwa ngezinto ezibonakalayo ze-thermoplastic, futhi ingenziwa ekusetshenzisweni kwe-thermoset.
Ububanzi be-EVA obubanzi bokusetshenziswa, nge-flame retadants, kungenziwa ngentuthu ephansi ye-halogen-free arogen-free bartier; Khetha okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-VA njengento yesisekelo nakho kungenziwa ngezinto ezingamelana namafutha; Khetha inkomba yokuncibilika ye-EVA elilinganiselayo, engeza izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ukugcwaliswa kwezinto ezivuthayo ze-EVA Flame kungenziwa ekusebenzeni kwenqubo yokukhishwa kanye nentengo ye-Oxygen Rirnerier eningi (ukugcwalisa) impahla.
Kuleli phepha, kusuka ezakhiweni zezakhiwo ze-EVA, ukwethulwa kwesicelo sayo emkhakheni wamakhebhu namathemba wokuthuthuka.
2. Izakhiwo ezakhiwo
Lapho ukhiqiza i-synthesis, eshintsha isilinganiso se-polymerisation degree n / m kungakhiqiza okuqukethwe kwe-VA kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-90% we-EVA; ukwandisa inani le-polymerisation degree kungakhiqiza isisindo se-molecular kusuka kumashumi ezinkulungwane zamakhulu emakhulu ezinkulungwane ze-EVA; Okuqukethwe kwe-VA ngaphansi kwama-40%, ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-crystallication eyingxenye, ukuqina okumpofu, owaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi yi-EVA Plastic; Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-VA kukhulu kune-40%, i-elastomer efana nerabha ngaphandle kwe-crystallication, yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-abm irabha.
1. 2 Izakhiwo
Uchungechunge lwamangqamuzana we-EVA luyisakhiwo esigcwele umugqa, ngakho-ke lunokuguga okuhle okushisa, isimo sezulu kanye nokumelana kwe-ozone.
I-Eva Molecule Main Chain ayiqukethe izibopho eziphindwe kabili, i-benzene ring, aczyl, amaqembu amone namanye amaqembu kulula ukuyibhema lapho uvutha, amaketanga aseceleni nawo awunalo okulula ukubhema lapho uvutha i-methyl, uPhennyl, uCyano namanye amaqembu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-molecule ngokwayo ayinazo izinto ze-halogen, ngakho-ke ilungele ikakhulukazi i-Fuel-Smoke-Smoke Halogen-free talogen-free
Ubukhulu obukhulu beqembu le-vinyl acetate (VA) eqoqweni lesihlangothi se-EVA kanye ne-polarity yalo eliphakathi kusho ukuthi bobabili livimbela ukuthambekela kwesikhwama se-vinyl ukubiyela ama-backlone ama-vinyl. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngentuthu ephansi kanye nokuphikiswa kwama-halogen-free, njengoba amalangabi anokuqukethwe kwevolumu enokuqukethwe kwevolumu engaphezu kuka-50% [i-al (oh (oh) 3, njll (oh I-EVA enokuqukethwe okuphakathi nendawo okuphezulu kwe-VA isetshenziswa njengesisekelo ukukhiqiza intuthu ephansi ne-halogen-free fame retame retame retardant Fuels ngezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu.
Njengoba i-EVA Side Chain Vinyl Acetate Group (VA) i-polar, iphakeme okuqukethwe kwe-VA, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-polmer kuyinto engcono ukumelana kawoyela. Ukumelana kawoyela okudingwa yimboni ye-cable iningi lisho amandla okumelana ne-polar noma ama-polar minerali amaminerali. Ngokwemigomo yokuhambisana okufanayo, i-EVA enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-VA isetshenziswa njengento eyisisekelo yokukhiqiza intuthu ephansi kanye nomgoqo wamafutha we-halogen-free.
Ama-molecule e-EVA ku-ATPA-OLEFEFEFIME asebenza kakhulu, emisebeni ye-peroxide noma i-High-Energy Energy-radiation Effect kulula ukuthatha ukusabela okuxhumeka kwe-H, iba yiplastiki exhumekile noma enjoloba, ingenziwa izidingo zokusebenza ezifunwayo zocingo olukhethekile nezinto zokwakha ikhebula.
Ukungezwa kweqembu le-vinyl acetate kwenza ukuncipha kokushisa kuka-Eva kuwele kakhulu, futhi inani lamaketanga amafushane we-VA angenza ukugeleza kwe-EVA kwanda. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwayo okukhishwa ngokukhishwa kungcono kakhulu kunesakhiwo samangqamuzana esilingana ne-polyethylene efanayo, sibe yizinto ezithandwayo zesisekelo sezinto zokwakha ezivuthayo ze-halogen kanye ne-halogen-free barter.
Izinzuzo ezi-2 zomkhiqizo
2. 1 ukusebenza kwezindleko eziphakeme kakhulu
Izakhiwo ezingokomzimba ze-EVA nezemishini, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana kwe-ozone, izakhiwo zikagesi zinhle kakhulu. Khetha ibanga elifanele, lungenziwa ukumelana nokushisa, ukusebenza kwe-flame retardant ukusebenza, kodwa futhi uwoyela, izinto ezikhethekile ezivikelekile zekhebula.
Izinto ze-thermoplastic eva zisetshenziswa kakhulu ngokuqukethwe kwe-VA ngo-15% kuya ku-46%, ngenkomba yokuncibilika engu-0. 5 kuya ku-4 amabanga. I-EVA inabakhiqizi abaningi, izinhlobo eziningi, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokukhethwa, amanani alinganiselwe, abasebenzisi badinga kuphela ukuvula isigaba se-EVA sewebhusayithi, uhlobo, ukusebenza, intengo, indawo yokulethwa kwezidingo, ungakhetha, elula kakhulu.
I-EVA iyi-polyolef polymer, kusuka ekuthambekeni nasekusetshenzisweni kokuqhathanisa ukusebenza, kanye ne-polyethylene (pe) impahla ne-polyvinyl chloride (pvc) impahla yekhebula ye-chloride (PVC). Kepha ucwaningo olwengeziwe, uzothola u-Eva nezinhlobo ezimbili ezingenhla kwezinto eziqhathaniswa nokuphakama okungenakuphela.
2. 2 ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokusebenza
I-EVA ku-Cable application isuka kumandla we-voltage voltage voluting impahla ngaphakathi nangaphandle kokuqala, futhi kamuva yanwetshwa kwi-halogen-free bartier enesithiyo samafutha e-halogen. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezinto ezibonakalayo ezivela endaweni ecubungulayo zithathwa njenge "matage agcwaliswe kakhulu": izinto ezivikelayo ngenxa yesidingo sokufaka inani elikhulu lekhabhoni emnyama futhi lenze ukubonakaliswa kwalo kukhuphuke kakhulu; Amafutha e-halogen-free fame retame adinga ukwengeza inani elikhulu le-allogen-free lale retame retame retame, futhi i-halogen-free veripcusial ebonakalayo yandise kakhulu, i-licidity yehle kakhulu. Isixazululo ukuthola i-polymer engahlalisa imithamo emikhulu yeflicker, kepha futhi ine-viscosity ephansi ebiwombisayo noketshezi oluhle. Ngalesi sizathu, i-EVA iyindlela ekhethwayo.
U-Eva uncibilika ukubonwa kokushisa kwe-extrusion yokutshala kanye nezinga le-shear kuzonyusa ukwehla okusheshayo, umsebenzisi udinga kuphela ukulungisa izinga lokushisa le-extruder kanye nesivinini esihle, ungenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu we-wire kanye nentambo. Inani elikhulu lezicelo ezifuywayo nezangaphandle likhombisa ukuthi, kulokho okugcwele intuthu ephansi ye-halogen-free, ngoba i-viscosity ibe mincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwe-compression compression ratio screw (ukuguquguquka kwesilinganiso esiphansi kakhulu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi enhle ye-1. Izinto zokwenziwa ezisuselwa kwinjoloba ezinama-vulcaning agents zingakhishwa kuzo zombili izincazelo zenjoloba nezinhloso ezijwayelekile zezinhloso. Inqubo elandelayo ye-Vulcananation (Ukuxhumanisa) (Ukuxhumanisa) kungenziwa nge-thermochemical (peroxide) ukuxhumanisa noma nge-electron accelerator irradiation irradiation yokuxhumanisa.
2. 3 Kulula ukuguqula nokushintsha
Izintambo nezintambo zikuyo yonke indawo, zivela ezulwini ziye emhlabathini, zivela ezintabeni ziye olwandle. Abasebenzisi bezidingo ze-wire nezidingo zekhebula nazo ziyehluka futhi zixakile, ngenkathi ukwakheka kocingo nentambo kufana, ukwehluka kwawo kokusebenza kuboniswa ikakhulukazi ekufakweni nasezinhlotsheni ezimboza.
Kuze kube manje, kokubili ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, i-PVC ethambile isabalwa kakhulu kwezinto eziningi ze-polymer ezisetshenziswa embonini ye-cable. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqwashisa okwandayo kokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme.
Izinto zokwenziwa ze-PVC zivinjelwe kakhulu, ososayensi benza konke okusemandleni ukuthola ezinye izinto ze-PVC, okuthembisa kakhulu yilokho okungu-EVA.
I-EVA ingahlanganiswa nezinhlobonhlobo zama-polymers, kepha futhi nama-powders ahlukahlukene amaminerali kanye ne-AIDS ehambisanayo, imikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe ingenziwa ngopulasitiki we-thermoplastic for amakhekhe amakhebula epulasitiki, kepha futhi ungene kwirabha exhumeke ku-Rubber cables. Abaqambisi bokwakha bangasuselwa ezifundweni zomsebenzisi (noma ezijwayelekile), i-EVA njengezinto zesisekelo, ukwenza ukusebenza kwezinto ezibonakalayo zihlangabezane nezidingo.
Ibanga lesicelo se-EVA
I-3. 1 isetshenziswe njengezinto zokuvikela eziqhutshwa ngama-voltage amakhamera
Njengoba sonke sazi, okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kokuvikelwa kwekhabhoni emnyama, epulasitiki noma esisekelweni senjoloba ukwengeza inani elikhulu lekhabhoni elimnyama kuzolimaza kakhulu uketshezi lwezinto zokuvikela kanye nokubusheleleka kweleveli ye-extring. Ukuvimbela ukukhishwa okuyingxenye kwezintambo eziphakeme zamandla kagesi, izihlangu zangaphakathi nezingaphandle kufanele zibe mncane, zicwebezele, zikhanye. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-polymers, u-Eva angakwenza kalula lokhu kalula. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi inqubo yokukhishwa kwe-Eva ukukhishwa okuhle kakhulu, ukugeleza okuhle, futhi kungathathi ukuncibilikisa ukwehla kwesiphambeko. Izinto zokuvikela zihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ezisongwe umqhubi ngaphandle ezibizwa ngesihlangu sangaphakathi - ngezikrini zangaphakathi; esongwe ngaphakathi kokufakwa ngaphandle okubizwa ngokuthi isihlangu sangaphandle - ngezinto zangaphandle zesikrini; Izinto zangaphakathi ze-thermoplastic ziyi-thermoplastic impahla yangaphakathi ye-inaner screen i-thermoplastic futhi imvamisa isuselwa ku-EVA ngokuqukethwe kwe-VA ngo-18% kuya ku-28% kuya ku-28%; I-Outer Screen Material ixhumeke kakhulu futhi ingenantambo futhi ivame ukususelwa ku-EVA ngokuqukethwe kwe-VA ngo-40% kuya ku-46%.
3. 2 I-Thermoplastic kanye ne-flame exhumeke kamnandi
I-Thermoplastic Flame Retardant i-Polyolofin isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wamakhebula, ikakhulukazi izidingo zama-halogen noma ama-halogen-free of marine cables, izintambo zamandla kanye nemigqa yokwakha ephezulu. Amazinga okushisa awo okusebenza isikhathi eside asukela ku-70 kuye ku-90 ° C.
Okwezintambo zamandla aphakathi neziphezulu ze-voltage zamanzi ezi-10 kV nangaphezulu, ezinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zikagesi, izakhiwo ze-flame retardant ikakhulukazi zidlalwa yi-sheath yangaphandle. Kwezinye izakhiwo ezifunwa yizemvelo noma amaphrojekthi, amakhekhe ayadingeka ukuba abe nentuthu ephansi, ama-halogen-free, ubuthi obuphansi noma intuthu ephansi ne-hologen polyolefins, ngakho-ke i-thermoplastic flame polyolefins iyikhambi elisebenzayo.
Ngeminye inhloso ekhethekile, ububanzi obungaphandle abukhulu, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa ngo-105 ~ 150 ℃ phakathi kwentambo ekhethekile, ukuxhumanisa okugcwele kwe-flame retardant, kodwa kudla okushisa okuphezulu kwegumbi lokushisa, kepha futhi kuyatholakala i-Electron accelerator yokushisa i-irradiation indlela yokushisa exhumeke. Izinga lokushisa layo elihlala isikhathi eside lihlukaniswe laba ngu-105 ℃, 125 ℃, amafayela amathathu angu-150 ℃, lesi sitshalo sokukhiqiza angenziwa ngokuya ngezidingo ezihlukile zabasebenzisi noma amazinga, aqukethe i-halogen-equkethe izithiyo zikaphethiloli.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi ama-polyolefin angawona ama-polar noma ama-polar polar polmers. Njengoba zifana namafutha amaminerali ePolity, ama-polyolefin athathwa kakhulu abhekwa njengengamelana nalo u-oyela ngokuya ngomgomo wokuvumelana okufanayo. Kodwa-ke, amazinga amaningi amakhebula ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe abuye asho nokuthi ukumelana okuxhumeke okuphambene nalokho kumele futhi kube nokumelana okuhle kumafutha, ama-solvents ngisho nasezinhlangeni zikawoyela, ama-alkalis. Lokhu kuyinselelo kubaphenyi bezinto ezibonakalayo, manje, kungaba eChina noma phesheya, lezi zinto ezifunwayo ziye zathuthukiswa, futhi impahla yaso eyisisekelo yi-EVA.
3. 3 Izinto ezi-Oxygen Barriers
Izintambo ezinamakhambi anamahlandla amaningi zinama-depeng amaningi phakathi kwama-cores adinga ukugcwaliswa ukuze aqinisekise ukubukeka kwentambo eyindilinga, uma ukugcwaliswa ngaphakathi kwe-sheath engaphandle kwenziwa ngesithiyo samafutha e-halogen-free. Le nsandla yokugcwalisa isebenza njengesithiyo selangabi (umoya-mpilo) lapho ikhebula livutha futhi ngenxa yalokho laziwa ngokuthi "umgoqo we-oksigen" embonini.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zezinto eziphilayo ze-oksijini yilezi: Izakhiwo ezinhle ze-Extresion, i-Halogen-Free Flame RetacArdancy (i-Oxygen Index ngokuvamile ngenhla kwama-40) nezindleko eziphansi.
Lesi sithintelo se-oksijini sisetshenziswe kakhulu embonini yamakhebula iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi futhi siholele ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu ekubuyiselweni kwamakhabethe. Isithiyo se-oksijini singasetshenziselwa izintambo ze-flame-retardant ezingenama-allogen-retardant kanye nezintambo ze-flame-retardant zamahhala (isib. PvC). Inani elikhulu lokuzilolonga likhombisile ukuthi izintambo ezinesibugovu se-oksijini kungenzeka ukuthi zidlule izivivinyo ezivuthayo zomuntu ezivuthayo kanye nezinqwaba.
Ukusuka endaweni yokubukwa kokwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, le nto yokuvimbela i-oksijini empeleni ingu- "Ultra-High Filler", ngoba ukufeza izindleko eziphakeme, ukufezekisa i-High Oxygen Index kumele isebenzise i-MG (O ox) ye-MG (OH) 2, nokukhipha i-EVA njengokuqukethwe kwesisekelo.
3. 4 Izinto ezi-4 eziguquliwe
Izinto zokwakha i-polyethylene zithambekele ezinkingeni ezimbili: Okokuqala, zithambekele ekunciphiseni ukuqhekeka (ie sharkskin) ngesikhathi sokuxilonga; Okwesibili, bathambekele ekuqhekekeni kwengcindezi yemvelo. Isixazululo esilula ukwengeza ingxenye ethile ye-EVA ekwakhekeni. Kusetshenziswe njenge-EVA eguquliwe kakhulu usebenzisa okuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-VAN kwebanga, inkomba yayo encibilike phakathi kwe-1 kuye ku-2 kufanelekile.
4. Amathemba wokuthuthukisa
(1) U-Eva usetshenziswe kabanzi embonini ye-Cable, inani lonyaka ekukhuleni okuthe xaxa nokuqinile. Ikakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi yokugcina, ngenxa yokubaluleka kokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukumelana kwamafutha asuselwa ku-EVA kuye kwathuthukiswa ngokushesha, futhi ngokwengxenye kuthathe indawo ye-PVC-based Cable. Ukusebenza kwezindleko okuhle kakhulu nokusebenza okuhle kwenqubo yokukhishwa kunzima ukufaka ezinye izinto.
. Isibonelo, inani elikhulu kunawo wonke le-halogen-free flame retardant isisekelo se-retadarant base, ukukhethwa okuyinhloko kwe-VA / MI = 28/2 ~ 3 kwe-Eva Resin (njenge-US DuPont's Eva 265 #). Futhi leli banga elicacisiwe le-EVA kuze kube manje akukho abakhiqizi basekhaya okufanele bakhiqize futhi banikeze. Ukungasho okuqukethwe kwe-VA ephakeme kune-28, futhi kuncibilike inkomba engaphansi kuka-3 kwamanye ama-eva resin nokunikezela.
. Bangaphezu kuka-50% wokuqukethwe kwe-Vaber-Type Enm, yinkampani yakwamanye amazwe ephethwe, futhi intengo ifana nokuqukethwe kwe-VA i-brand 2 kuya ku-3 amahlandla amahlandla ama-3 kuya kwayi-3. Amanani aphezulu anjalo, nawo athinta inani lale hlobo lerabha i-EVM, ngakho-ke imboni ye-Cable ifuna abakhiqizi basekhaya base-EVA, bathuthukise izinga lokukhiqizwa kwasekhaya kwe-EVA. Ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe kwemboni bekulokhu ukusetshenziswa okuningi kwe-Eva Resin.
. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-EVA kukhula ngesilinganiso esingu-15% ngonyaka kanti umbono uthembisa kakhulu. Inani kanye nenani lokukhula lezinto zokwakha kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla okukhiqizwa kwamandla aphakathi nendawo nokukhula, cishe ama-8% kuya ku-10% phakathi; Ukuphikiswa kwePolyolof kukhula ngokushesha, eminyakeni yamuva nje kuhlale ngo-15% kuya ku-20% phakathi kweminyaka engu-10 kuye kwaqala iminyaka eyi-5 kuye kwayi-10, kungagcina nalesi sibalo sokukhula.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jul-31-2022