Umgodla noma umgodla wangaphandle ungqimba olungaphandle oluyisivikelo esakhiweni sekhebula le-optical, ikakhulukazi elenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo ze-PE sheath kanye nempahla ye-PVC sheath, kanye nempahla ye-halogen-retardant flame-retardant material kanye ne-electric tracking sheath material isetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezikhethekile.
1. Izinto ze-PE sheath
I-PE isifinyezo se-polyethylene, okuyinhlanganisela ye-polymer eyakhiwe yi-polymerization ye-ethylene. I-polyethylene sheath material emnyama yenziwa ngokuxuba ngokulinganayo kanye ne-granulating polyethylene resin ene-stabilizer, i-carbon black, i-antioxidant ne-plasticizer ngengxenye ethile. Izinto ze-Polyethylene sheath zezintambo zekhebula le-optical zingahlukaniswa zibe i-polyethylene ephansi (i-LDPE), i-linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), i-polyethylene ephakathi nendawo (MDPE) kanye ne-polyethylene ephezulu (i-HDPE) ngokuvumelana nokuminyana. Ngenxa yokuminyana kwazo okuhlukene kanye nezakhiwo zamangqamuzana, zinezakhiwo ezihlukene. I-polyethylene ene-low-density, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-polyethylene ephezulu, yenziwa nge-copolymerization ye-ethylene ekucindezelweni okuphezulu (ngaphezu kwama-atmospheres angu-1500) ku-200-300 ° C ne-oxygen njenge-catalyst. Ngakho-ke, uchungechunge lwe-molecular of low-density polyethylene luqukethe amagatsha amaningi obude obuhlukene, ngezinga eliphezulu le-chain branching, isakhiwo esingavamile, i-crystallinity ephansi, nokuguquguquka okuhle nokwelula. I-polyethylene ene-high-density, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-polyethylene ye-low-pressure, yenziwa nge-polymerization ye-ethylene ekucindezelweni okuphansi (i-atmospheres engu-1-5) kanye no-60-80°C nge-aluminium kanye ne-titanium catalysts. Ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo samangqamuzana emincane ye-polyethylene ephezulu-density kanye nokuhlelwa okuhlelekile kwama-molecule, inezici ezinhle zemishini, ukumelana okuhle kwamakhemikhali kanye nokushisa okubanzi kokusetshenziswa. Impahla ye-polyethylene sheath ephakathi nendawo yenziwa ngokuhlanganisa i-polyethylene enokuminyana okuphezulu kanye ne-polyethylene enokuminyana kancane ngesilinganiso esifanele, noma nge-polymerizing ethylene monomer ne-propylene (noma i-monomer yesibili ye-1-butene). Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwe-polyethylene ephakathi nendawo kuphakathi kwe-polyethylene ephezulu-density kanye ne-low-density polyethylene, futhi inokubili ukuguquguquka kwe-polyethylene ephansi kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqoka namandla aqinile we-polyethylene ephezulu. I-linear low density polyethylene yenziwa i-polymerized ngesigaba segesi somfutho ophansi noma indlela yokuxazulula nge-ethylene monomer kanye ne-2-olefin. Idigri ye-branching ye-linear low-density polyethylene iphakathi kokuminyana okuphansi nokuminyana okuphezulu, ngakho inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokucindezeleka kwemvelo. Ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwengcindezi yemvelo kuyinkomba ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlonza ikhwalithi yezinto ze-PE. Kubhekisela kwinto yokuthi ucezu lokuhlola olubalulekile lube ngaphansi kwemifantu yengcindezi egoqayo endaweni ye-surfactant. Izinto ezithinta ukuqhekeka kwengcindezi yezinto zifaka: isisindo samangqamuzana, ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo samangqamuzana, ubukristalu, kanye ne-microstructure yeketango lamangqamuzana. Uma sikhulu isisindo samangqamuzana, kuya kuba mncane ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo samangqamuzana, kuyanda ukuxhumana phakathi kwamawafa, kuba ngcono ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwento ezungezile, nempilo yesevisi yezinto ezibonakalayo ibe yinde; ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-crystallization yezinto ezibonakalayo nayo ithinta le nkomba. Ukuncipha kwekristalu, kuba ngcono ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwemvelo kwento. Amandla aqinile nobude ngesikhathi sokwephuka kwezinto ze-PE angenye inkomba yokukala ukusebenza kwempahla, futhi ingabikezela iphuzu lokugcina lokusetshenziswa kwezinto. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ezintweni ze-PE kungamelana ngempumelelo nokuguguleka kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet ezintweni, futhi ama-antioxidants angathuthukisa ngempumelelo izakhiwo ze-antioxidant zezinto.
2. PVC emgodleni impahla
I-PVC ye-flame retardant material iqukethe ama-athomu e-chlorine, azovutha elangabini. Lapho ivutha, izobola futhi ikhulule inani elikhulu legesi ye-HCL egqwalile futhi enobuthi, okuzobangela ukulimala kwesibili, kodwa izozicima ngokwayo lapho ishiya ilangabi, ngakho-ke inesici sokungasakazi ilangabi; ngasikhathi sinye, impahla ye-PVC sheath inokuguquguquka okuhle nokunwebeka, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi kumakhebula okukhanya angaphakathi.
3. Impahla yesheath engenawo i-halogen engenamalangabi
Njengoba i-polyvinyl chloride izokhiqiza amagesi anobuthi lapho isha, abantu benze intuthu ephansi, engenayo i-halogen, engeyona ubuthi, ehlanzekile yokubuyisela amalangabi, okungukuthi, ukwengeza izinto ezivimbela ilangabi ezingaphili i-Al(OH)3 ne-Mg(OH)2 ezintweni ezijwayelekile ze-sheath, ezizokhipha amanzi e-crystal lapho ehlangana nomlilo futhi amunce ukushisa okuningi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele izinga lokushisa le-sheath ukuthi lingakhuphuki futhi livimbele ukuvutha. Njengoba ama-inorganic flame retardants engezwa ezintweni ze-halogen-free retardant sheath, ukuqhutshwa kwama-polymers kuzokhula. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-resin kanye nama-inorganic flame retardants ahluke ngokuphelele ezingxenyeni ezimbili. Ngesikhathi sokucubungula, kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukuxuba okungalingani kwama-flame retardants endaweni. Ama-inorganic flame retardants kufanele afakwe ngamanani afanelekile. Uma isilinganiso sikhulu kakhulu, amandla emishini kanye nokwelula ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwento kuzoncishiswa kakhulu. Izinkomba zokuhlola izakhiwo ezibambezela ilangabi lama-flame retardants angenayo i-halogen inkomba ye-oxygen kanye nokugxila kwentuthu. Inkomba ye-oksijini iwubuncane bokugcwala komoyampilo odingekayo ukuze okokusebenza kugcine ukuvutha okulinganayo kugesi exubile yomoya-mpilo ne-nitrogen. Uma inkomba ye-oxygen ibe nkulu, kuba ngcono izici ze-flame retardant zezinto. Ukugxiliswa kwentuthu kubalwa ngokulinganisa ukudluliswa kwe-parallel light beam edlula intuthu ekhiqizwe ukusha kwezinto endaweni ethile nobude bendlela yokubona. Ukuncipha kwentuthu, kuyancipha intuthu futhi kuba ngcono nokusebenza kwempahla.
4. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuvikela uphawu zikagesi
Ziyanda ikhebula le-All-media elizisekelayo (ADSS) elibekwe kumbhoshongo owodwa onezintambo eziphezulu zamandla kagesi ohlelweni lokuxhumana lwamandla. Ukuze unqobe ithonya lenkambu kagesi yokungeniswa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu emgodleni wekhebula, abantu basungule futhi bakhiqiza into entsha ye-sheath eqinile kagesi, impahla ye-sheath ngokulawula ngokuqinile okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni emnyama, usayizi nokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiya ze-carbon black. , ukwengeza izithasiselo ezikhethekile zokwenza impahla ye-sheath inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokumelana nezibazi zikagesi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-26-2024