Inkathi entsha yemboni yezimoto zamandla amasha ihambisana nomsebenzi ombaxambili wokuguqulwa kwezimboni kanye nokwenza ngcono kanye nokuvikela imvelo yomoya, okugqugquzela kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zamakhebuli anamandla kagesi kanye nezinye izesekeli ezihlobene nezimoto zikagesi, futhi abakhiqizi bamakhebula nezinhlangano zokunikeza izitifiketi ziye. kutshalwe amandla amaningi ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezintambo ezinamandla kagesi ezimotweni zikagesi. Izintambo zikagesi eziphakeme zezimoto zikagesi zinezidingo eziphakeme zokusebenza kuzo zonke izici, futhi kufanele zihlangabezane nezinga le-RoHSb, izidingo ezijwayelekile zebanga le-flame retardant UL94V-0 nokusebenza okuthambile. Leli phepha lethula izinto kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela izintambo ezinamandla kagesi ezimotweni zikagesi.
1.Impahla yekhebula lamandla kagesi aphezulu
(1) Impahla ye-conductor yekhebula
Njengamanje, kunezinto ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-cable conductor layer: ithusi ne-aluminium. Izinkampani ezimbalwa zicabanga ukuthi i-aluminium core inganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zabo zokukhiqiza, ngokungeza ithusi, insimbi, i-magnesium, i-silicon nezinye izakhi ngesisekelo sezinto ezihlanzekile ze-aluminium, ngezinqubo ezikhethekile ezifana nokuhlanganiswa nokwelashwa kwe-annealing, ukuthuthukisa ukuqhutshwa kukagesi, ukugoba. ukusebenza nokumelana nokugqwala kwekhebula, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomthamo ofanayo wokulayisha, ukufeza umphumela ofanayo njengamakhondatha ayinhloko yethusi noma okungcono nakakhulu. Ngakho, izindleko zokukhiqiza zigcinwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, amabhizinisi amaningi asabheka ithusi njengento eyinhloko yongqimba lwe-conductor, okokuqala, i-resistivity yethusi iphansi, bese-ke iningi lokusebenza kwethusi lingcono kune-aluminium ezingeni elifanayo, njengamanje elikhulu. umthamo wokuthwala, ukulahleka kwamandla kagesi aphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi nokuthembeka okuqinile. Njengamanje, ukukhethwa kwama-conductor ngokuvamile kusebenzisa ama-conductor athambile ajwayelekile kazwelonke angu-6 (ukwelulwa kwentambo yethusi eyodwa kufanele kube kukhulu kunama-25%, ububanzi be-monofilament bungaphansi kuka-0.30) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthambile nokuqina kwe-monofilament yethusi. Ithebula 1 libala izindinganiso okufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo ezintweni ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zekhondatha yethusi.
(2) Izinto zongqimba ezivikelayo zezintambo
Imvelo yangaphakathi yezimoto zikagesi iyinkimbinkimbi, ekukhethweni kwezinto zokuvikela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwesendlalelo se-insulation, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngangokunokwenzeka ukukhetha ukucubungula okulula kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswa kabanzi. Njengamanje, izinto zokuvikela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-polyvinyl chloride (PVC),i-polyethylene exhunywe ngokuphambene (XLPE), irabha ye-silicone, i-thermoplastic elastomer (i-TPE), njll., kanye nezakhiwo zazo eziyinhloko ziboniswa kuThebula 2.
Phakathi kwazo, i-PVC iqukethe umthofu, kodwa i-RoHS Directive iyakwenqabela ukusetshenziswa komthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium, i-chromium ene-hexvalent, i-polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) kanye nama-biphenyl e-polybrominated (PBB) nezinye izinto eziyingozi, ngakho eminyakeni yamuva nje i-PVC ishintshiwe I-XLPE, irabha ye-silicone, i-TPE nezinye izinto ezihambisana nemvelo.
(3) Isendlalelo sokuvikela ikhebula
Isendlalelo esivikelayo sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: isendlalelo esivikelayo esi-semi-conductive kanye nosendlalelo esivikelayo esilukiwe. Ukumelana nomthamo wezinto ezivikelayo ze-semi-conductive ku-20 ° C no-90 ° C futhi ngemva kokuguga kuyinkomba ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe yokukala izinto ezivikelayo, ezinquma ngokungaqondile impilo yesevisi yekhebula lamandla kagesi aphezulu. Izinto ezijwayelekile zokuvikela i-semi-conductive zifaka irabha ye-ethylene-propylene (EPR), i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), kanyei-polyethylene (PE)izinto ezisekelwe. Esimeni lapho impahla eluhlaza ayinanzuzo futhi izinga lekhwalithi alikwazi ukuthuthukiswa esikhathini esifushane, izikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi kanye nabakhiqizi bezinto zamakhebula bagxila ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe bokucubungula kanye nesilinganiso sefomula yezinto ezivikelayo, futhi bafune ukuqamba okusha isilinganiso sokwakheka kwezinto ezivikelayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kukonke kwekhebula.
2.Inqubo yokulungiselela ikhebula le-voltage ephezulu
(1) Ubuchwepheshe be-Conductor strand
Inqubo eyisisekelo yekhebula iye yathuthukiswa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kukhona nokucaciswa kwabo okujwayelekile embonini nasemabhizinisini. Enqubweni yokudweba ucingo, ngokusho kwemodi engaguquki yocingo olulodwa, umshini wokuhlanganisa ungahlukaniswa ube umshini wokuhlanganisa ongasonti, umshini wokuhlanganisa ongaguquki kanye nomshini wokuhlanganisa ongaguquki / ongaguquki. Ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kwekristalu komqhubi wethusi, izinga lokushisa le-annealing nesikhathi eside, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa umshini wokudonsa ongasonti ukuze uqhube ukudonsa nokudonsa okuqhubekayo kwe-monwire ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunwetshwa kanye nezinga lokuphuka komdwebo wezintambo. Njengamanje, intambo ye-polyethylene exhunywe ngokuphambana (i-XLPE) ithathele indawo ngokuphelele ikhebula lephepha likawoyela phakathi kwamazinga kagesi angu-1 no-500kV. Kunezinqubo ezimbili ezivamile zokwenza amakhondatha we-XLPE: ukuhlanganisa okuyindilinga nokusonteka kwentambo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingqikithi yocingo ingagwema izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu epayipini elixhumene ngokuphambana ukuze licindezele izinto zalo eziyisivikelo kanye nezinto ezifakwayo esikhaleni sezintambo eziboshiwe futhi libangele ukungcola; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungase futhi kuvimbele ukungena kwamanzi eduze kwesiqondiso somqhubi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile kwekhebula. I-copper Conductor ngokwayo iyisakhiwo esigxilile se-stranding, esikhiqizwa kakhulu umshini ojwayelekile wokuhlanganisa ifreyimu, umshini wokuhlanganisa imfoloko, njll. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenqubo yokuhlanganisa eyindilinga, ingaqinisekisa ukuthi umqhubi we-stranding round ukwakheka.
(2) Inqubo yokukhiqiza ikhebula le-XLPE
Ukuze kukhiqizwe ikhebula le-XLPE lamandla aphezulu, i-catenary dry cross-linking (CCV) kanye ne-vertical dry cross-linking (VCV) yizinqubo ezimbili zokwakha.
(3) Inqubo yokukhipha
Phambilini, abakhiqizi bezintambo basebenzisa inqubo ye-extrusion yesibili ukukhiqiza umgogodla wokufakwa kwekhebula, isinyathelo sokuqala ngesikhathi esifanayo isihlangu somqhubi we-extrusion kanye nongqimba lokufakwa kwe-insulation, bese bexhunyaniswa futhi balimala kuthreyi yekhebula, ibekwe isikhathi esithile bese i-extrusion. i-insulation shield. Phakathi neminyaka yawo-1970, inqubo ye-1+2 enezingqimba ezintathu ze-extrusion yavela kumongo wezintambo ezivalekile, okuvumela ukuvikeleka kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kanye nokufakwa ngaphakathi ukuze kuqedwe ngenqubo eyodwa. Inqubo iqala ikhiphe isivikelo sekhondatha, ngemva kwebanga elifushane (2~5m), bese ikhipha isivikelo se-insulation nesivikelo esivikelayo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, izindlela ezimbili zokuqala zinezithiyo ezinkulu, ngakho-ke ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990, abahlinzeki bemishini yokukhiqiza ikhebula bethula inqubo yokukhiqiza i-co-extrusion enezingqimba ezintathu, ekhipha isivikelo se-conductor, ukufakwa kwe-insulation kanye nokuvikela ngasikhathi sinye. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, amazwe angaphandle futhi ethule i-extruder emgqonyeni omusha kanye nomklamo wepuleti elinezikhala eligobile, ngokulinganisa ingcindezi yokugeleza kwekhanda le-screw cap ukuze kuncishiswe ukunqwabelana kwezinto, andise isikhathi sokukhiqiza esiqhubekayo, esikhundleni soshintsho olungami lwezicaciso ze ukwakheka kwekhanda nakho kungasindisa kakhulu izindleko zesikhathi sokuphumula futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle.
3. Isiphetho
Izimoto ezintsha zamandla zinamathemba amahle okuthuthuka kanye nemakethe enkulu, zidinga uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo yamakhebula kagesi aphezulu enamandla omthwalo omkhulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, umphumela wokuvikela ugesi, ukumelana nokugoba, ukuguquguquka, impilo ende yokusebenza nokunye ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni futhi kuhlala endaweni. imakethe. Impahla yekhebula yemoto kagesi enamandla amakhulu kanye nenqubo yayo yokuyilungiselela inamathemba abanzi okuthuthuka. Imoto kagesi ayikwazi ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza futhi iqinisekise ukusetshenziswa kokuphepha ngaphandle kwekhebula lamandla kagesi aphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-23-2024